O2/CO2 Transport
The molecule that transports O2 within muscle cells.
What is myoglobin?
VCO2/VO2
What is Respiratory Exchange Ratio?
As athletes gain skill, they use less energy during a given effort.
What is economy of effort?
This is the primary activity that reverses fatigue.
What is rest?
Normal atmospheric pressure.
What is 760mmHg?
This describes oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, partial pressure in blood vessels, and O2 content in the blood.
What is oxyhemoglogin dissociation curve?
The RER for fat.
What is 0.70?
What is practice/training for sport?
This may accumulate when using the ATP-PCr system and contributes to fatigue.
What is accumulation of Pi?
During inspiration, expansion of the thoracic cage causes ______________ drawing air into lungs.
What is negative pressure?
During exercise, what two factors enable faster unloading of O2 from hemoglobin?
What are increase in heat and decrease in pH?
Point at which lactate accumulation increases faster than lactate removal.
What is lactate threshold?
Outside of VO2max, this is the most important determinant of aerobic performance.
What is lactate threshold?
This stored carbohydrate molecule is limited and once depleted leads to fatigue.
What is glycogen depletion?
The amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration.
What is residual volume?
This enables CO2 to diffuse from the muscle into the blood and then into the lungs.
What is PCO2 gradient?
Occurs when exercise ceases; replenishment of O2, glycogen, ATP/PCr
What is excess postexercise oxygen consumption?
List two pulmonary adaptations to training.
What are improved pulmonary ventilation, diffusion, a-v O2 difference, and increased capillarization.
Intense exercise producing lactic acid may accumulate too much of this ion leading to decreased muscle pH.
What is H+ion accumulation?
Gas exchange occuring between alveoli and capillary blood is called __________.
What is pulmonary diffusion?
This occurs when O2 is extracted from the blood by active and inactive muscle and circulates back to the heart.
What is a-v O2 difference?
Untrained individuals' lactate threshold.
What is 50-60% of VO2max?
4 things associated with successful endurance athletes: high VO2max, high lactate threshold, high economy of effort, and __________________.
What is percentage of type 1 skeletal muscle fibers?
Reduced synthesis and release of this neurotransmitter may cause failure at the neuromuscular junction.
What is acetylcholine?
This law states the rate of diffusion is proportional to the surface area and difference in partial pressure between two sides of tissue.
What is Fick's Law?