Body Basics
What are the two major divisions of the human body?
the axial body and appendicular body
This term describes a structure located farther toward the front of the body.
anterior
This plane divides the body into left and right portions.
sagittal plane
These two movements occur at the radioulnar joints and rotate the forearm.
pronation and supination
What are the three structural classifications of joints?
fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial
This type of joint permits flexion and extension.
hinge joint
In kinesiology, the arm is the body part located between which two joints?
the shoulder joint and elbow joint
This term describes a structure located closer to the body's midline.
medial
This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
frontal plane
This scapular movement causes the glenoid fossa to face more superiorly.
upward rotation
What are the three functional classifications of joints?
synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic
This type of joint permits medial and lateral rotation.
pivot joint
In kinesiology, the leg is the body part located between which two joints?
the knee joint and ankle joint
This movement takes a body part away from the body's midline.
abduction
This is the horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions.
transverse plane
This term describes extension that goes beyond the normal or healthy range of motion.
hyperextension
Synovial joints are usually classified functionally as what type?
diarthrotic
This is the joint type of the hip.
ball-and-socket joint
What is the standard reference position used to describe the location of structures on the human body?
anatomic position
These directional terms are usually used only when describing the appendicular body.
proximal and distal
The sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes are collectively known as these.
cardinal planes
These two movements usually occur within the frontal plane.
abduction and adduction
Fibrous joints are usually classified functionally as what type?
synarthrotic
This is the joint type of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.
saddle joint
The ribs and sternum together make up this structure.
thoracic cage
This term describes a movement that occurs toward the posterior aspect of the body.
extension
The axis that corresponds with movement in the sagittal plane is called this.
mediolateral axis
These two movements usually occur within the transverse plane.
right rotation and left rotation
Which functional joint classification means that a joint is functionally immovable?
synarthrotic
This type of joint allows the greatest range of movement and is found at the shoulder and hip.
ball-and-socket joint