Bony Anatomy
This ligament keeps our patella in proper alignment within the patellofemoral joint
What is the medial patellofemoral ligament
The cruciate ligament that is more likely to be damaged when the knee is forced into hyperflexion
What is Posterior Cruciate Ligament?
The longest of the quadriceps muscle is also responsible for hip flexion
What is rectus femoris
This injury can be either chronic or acute. Its s/sx include localized swelling and pain only over the affected area. Swelling is typically significant and may have redness.
What is bursitis?
A joint effusion is caused by damage to these structures.
What are ACL, PCL, menisci and articulating bones, articular cartilage
Joint where gliding occurs
What is the patellofemoral joint?
The cruciate ligament that prevents the tibia from translating posterior on the femur
What is the Posterior Cruciate Ligament
This tendon is on the lateral aspect of the thigh. Its muscle is at the hip and the tendon runs the length of the thigh, ending just distal to knee joint, providing lateral stability to the knee and hip abduction
What is IT band or Iliotibial Band
Strengthening of these muscles can help reduce the incidence of knee injuries.
What are gluteus medius and hamstrings
Treatment for this injury includes a reduction by a physician, bracing or splinting for several weeks and then working on range of motion and quadriceps strength
What is a patella dislocation?
The largest sesamoid bone in the body
What is the patella?
The ligament that prevents the tibia from moving anterior on the femur
What is the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)?
This is the longest muscle in the body, beginning at the hip bone and ending on the medial aspect of the knee. It is responsible for hip flexion, medial stability of the knee and knee flexion
What is the sartorius?
The injury that this mechanism best describes: landing directly on the anterior aspect of the knee while knee is bent
What is a Posterior Cruciate Ligament sprain.
S/sx of this injury include pain around the patella, especially after long periods of sitting and crepitus without any specific injury, and a weak VMO.
What is the Patellofemoral Syndrome?
The hinge joint that what we consider our "knee" joint and connects our tibia and femur
What is tibiofemoral
The two purposes of the menisci
What are shock absorption and increase stability of the femur on the tibia
These three muscles are considered the hamstrings and are responsible for knee flexion and hip extension
What are biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
Three s/sx of a meniscus tear
What are pain with weight bearing, clicking/popping/locking, effusion, loss of ROM
The anatomical abnormality that makes an athlete more susceptible to ACL and MCL tears
What is Genu Valgum
The insertion point for the patella tendon
What is the tibial tuberosity
Ligament that prevents from a valgus force
What is the MCL
These four muscles make up the quadriceps muscle group and are responsible for knee extension
What are rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
Two signs/symptoms of patellofemoral tendonopathy and two ways to treat it.
What are pain over patellar tendon, mild swelling, increasing pain with activity. Treatments include heat, ice, stretching, massage, strengthening.
The mechanism of injury for Osgood Schlatter's and how Wolff's Law is relevant to this
A chronic injury at the tibial tuberosity- as the athlete grows, Wolff's Law states that the bones will adjust based on pressures/tensions placed on them. Therefore, if a lot of tension is placed on the epiphysis, the bone will begin growing outward, causing a bump.