Mechanism/Ligaments
This type of stress is created when a force hits the lateral knee, forcing the lower leg inward.
What is Valgus stress?
This non-weight-bearing bone in the lower leg is a common attachment site for the LCL and biceps femoris.
What is the Fibula?
The function of the menisci, which involves acting as shock absorbers and deepening the joint socket.
What is the primary function of the menisci?
The most likely indicator of a second-degree ligament sprain when performing a stress test.
What is laxity (joint opening) with a firm endpoint?
This ligament prevents the tibia from moving too far forward relative to the femur.
What is the ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament)?
This exercise is beneficial for strengthening the VMO to stabilize the patella.
What is the Quadriceps femoris?
The term for the small, fluid-filled sacs that act as cushions to reduce friction in areas of high movement.
What are bursae?
The diagnosis for point tenderness over the patellar tendon, minor swelling, and pain exacerbated by jumping.
What is Patellar Tendonitis (or Jumper's Knee)?
This test involves placing a valgus stress on the knee to assess the MCL.
What is the Valgus Stress Test?
This exercise is beneficial for strengthening the VMO to stabilize the patella.
What is a Terminal Knee Extension (TKE) exercise?
This condition is characterized by a grating sensation and pain behind the kneecap, especially with stairs.
What is Chondromalacia (or Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome)?
A patient's knee that "locked" following a sudden twist and has point tenderness specifically over the joint line.
What is a meniscal tear?
This is the most common motion associated with a non-contact ACL injury.
What is rapid deceleration, cutting, or awkward landing from a jump?
This is the location of pain associated with Iliotibial Band Syndrome.
What is the lateral (outside) aspect of the knee?
Inflammation of the smooth, glassy surface on the ends of the femur and tibia is related to pathology of this.
What is the Articular Cartilage?
This difference in presentation between a patellar subluxation and a dislocation.
What is that a subluxation reduces spontaneously while a dislocation results in a persistent visible deformity?
A ligament injury is characterized by significant joint laxity with a "mushy" or absent endpoint.
What is a third-degree ligament sprain?
The hamstrings are responsible for this action at the knee joint.
What is bending or flexing it?
This is a common cause of pain in young athletes, clinically described as Tibial Apophysitis.
What is Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
The key diagnostic sign differentiating a 2nd-degree from a 1st-degree MCL sprain during the Valgus Stress Test.
What is laxity (joint opening) with a firm endpoint (a 1st-degree sprain has no opening, while a 2nd-degree does)?