What are the two nicknames for Patellar Tendonitis, and why?
Runner's Knee & Jumper's Knee - because the condition is caused by excessive running and jumping!
200
Shin bone
Tibia
200
3 muscles on posterior thigh
Hamstring Muscle Group
200
Tibia moves forwards - ACL prevents this force
Anterior Translation
200
Name 2 of the 4 functions of the menisci
1) Stability - makes a cup for the femoral condyle to sit in
2) Disperses the forces of the femur over a broader area
3) Protects the articular cartilage on surface of tibial plateau from sustaining force of femur
4) Cushions and lubricates the joint to provide shock absorption
200
How do muscle strains occur? Can you think of any examples?
Sudden stretch and/or forceful contraction (sprinting with full stride, free kick in soccer, baseball pitch/tennis serve/volleyball attack/swimming stroke)
300
Kneecap
Patella
300
Functions of the quads
Knee Extension & Hip Flexion
300
Knee moves medially - MCL prevents this force
Valgus Force
300
What's the function of the articular cartilage in the knee?
To protect the ends of the bones and provide a smooth surface for them to glide on each other
300
Name 2 of the 4 most common mechanisms of ACL tear.
1) Rapid deceleration
2) Plant/Cut/Twist
3) Landing after a jump
4) Blow to the outside of the knee
400
Flat portion on top of shin bone
Tibial Plateau
400
Functions of the hamstrings
Knee Flexion & Hip Extension
400
Tibia moves backwards - PCL prevents this force
Posterior Translation
400
Which type of operation to correct mensicus tear has a longer recovery period but allows the patient to have a greater degree of long term joint health? Please name and describe the surgery.
Meniscus Repair - surgeon stitches the torn part of meniscus together and staples it down to the top of tibial plateau.
400
Name 2 of the 3 predisposing factors to ACL tears
1) Valgus Collapse
2) Quad:Hamstring Imbalance
3) Being Female
500
Rounded ends of thigh bone
Femoral Condyles
500
Name the large tendon that attaches the quads to the tibia
Patellar Tendon
500
Knee moves laterally - LCL prevents this force
Varus Force
500
How does the patella help us?
Mechanical Advantage & Efficiency of Movement: It creates a larger fulcrum for the knee joint, so we can generate more force when we extend our legs (jump higher, kick harder, run faster)
500
Name 2 of the 4 reasons why females are more likely to tear their ACL
1) Larger Q Angle
2) Hormonal Changes - estrogen causes joint laxity
3) Smaller Intercondylar Notch - ACL doesn't have much room inside joint
4) Body Composition - less muscle mass, higher body fat %