Cervical Spine
This is the term for a fracture of C1
What is a Jefferson or burst fracture?
– Discuss the other characteristics for C2 fractures
This spinal condition is evident when viewed from the lateral side
What is Scheuermann’s kyphosis?
– Discuss when this typically presents and the resulting musculature tightness.
A patient reports flashes of light or a curtain through their vision
What is a retinal detachment?
– Discuss how it is similar and different from hyphema, ruptured globe, and corneal abrasion.
This involves arterial bleeding superficial to the meninges
What is an epidural hematoma?
– Discuss characteristics that differ from a subdural hematoma
This is the outermost, superficial layer of the meninges
What is the dura mater?
– State the layers of the meninges and how it relates to epidural and subdural hematomas
This injury may result in paralysis and is most likely to affect the spinal cord
What is a cervical dislocation?
– Discuss why this damage is more likely than a stable fracture.
Management of this condition may require the use of a donut pad
What is a coccyx injury? – Discuss the etiology
This is the term for ecchymosis on the back of the head near the ear
What is Battle’s sign?
– Discuss what this means and the other signs that indicate skull fracture.
Weakness in the arms or legs, seizures, deteriorating conscious state, and increased agitation are examples of this classification of signs and symptoms
What are red flags or signs/symptoms of serious injury?
– Discuss other common signs and symptoms of concussion.
This is the specific anatomical region (range of nerve roots) associated with the brachial plexus
What is C5-T1?
This may result in numbness/tingling in both arms that comes and goes
What is cervical stenosis?
– Discuss why this differs from a herniated disk or brachial plexus pathology.
This affects the pars interarticularis and is associated with repetitive extension
What is spondylolysis? – Discuss how it’s different than spondylolisthesis.
This condition is associated with clicking/locking sensation, headaches, vertigo, and neck pain
What is TMJ dysfunction?
– Describe how it differs from TMJ luxation and the anatomical structures affected.
This injury has a high mortality rate, and results in rapid swelling and brain herniation
What is malignant cerebral edema or second impact syndrome?
– Discuss how these signs/symptoms present similarly to epidural hematoma and stroke
This is the location of blood pooling with a hyphema injury
What is the anterior chamber of the eye?
– Discuss the difference between the cornea, iris, pupil, posterior chamber
This is the anatomical region where cervical fractures and dislocations commonly occur
What is C4-C6? – Discuss S/S and location of injury that is truly life-threatening.
This condition results in numbness down one arm and increased pain with coughing
What is a herniated disk?
-- Explain the direction the herniation occurs and why it results in those symptoms.
This condition may partially affect hearing and is an infection in the external ear canal
What is otitis externa?
– Discuss how this differs from otitis media and ruptured tympanic membrane.
A concussion is described as this type of injury, which is why CT/MRI/X-ray cannot be used to diagnose a concussion
Which is a functional, not structural injury?
– Discuss why the multi-faceted assessment is used to diagnose a concussion
This injury presents with watering eyes, sensitivity to light, and is diagnosed with fluorescent drops
What is a corneal abrasion?
This condition involves a pinched synovial capsule and results in muscle spasm results
What is acute torticollis?
– Discuss which muscle is typically involved and how it differs from whiplash.
This condition may result from landing awkwardly on 1 leg or twisting with both feet on the ground
What is a SI joint dysfunction? – Discuss other motions and symptoms.
Presents with the inability to look up from a blow to face with a blunt object
What is an orbital blowout fracture?
– Discuss the different anatomical structures between a blowout and blowup fracture, as well as other fractures in the area that may occur from a blow to the face.
This is the term for unequal pupils
What is anisocoria?
This is the new term used instead of Post Concussion Syndrome
What is persisting symptoms or persisting concussion symptoms?
– Review the other factors associated with a delay in healing and myths regarding concussion.