The left side of the heart delivers oxygenated blood to this circuit.
What is the systemic circuit?
100
This factor regulates venous return during exercise and occurs via sympathetic constriction of smooth muscle in veins draining skeletal muscle.
What is venoconstriction?
100
Their enormous number and extremely thin walls make these structures ideal for gas exchange.
What are alveoli?
100
This process refers to the binding of oxygen with hemoglobin in the lungs.
What is oxygen (O2) loading?
200
Cardiac muscle fibers are similar to this skeletal muscle fiber type.
What are type I (slow-twitch) fibers?
200
Afterload (i.e., aortic blood pressure) is minimized during exercise due to dilation of these small blood vessels.
What are arterioles?
200
Expiration is passive at rest due to relaxation of this inspiratory muscle.
What is the diaphragm?
200
This "effect" occurs due to an increase in blood temperature and a reduction in blood pH resulting in a right shift in the oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curve.
What is the Bohr effect?
300
This is the repeating pattern of systole and diastole of the heart.
What is the cardiac cycle?
300
This law demonstrates that stroke volume increases with increasing end-diastolic volume.
What is the Frank-Starling law of the heart?
300
This variable is the volume of gas ventilated per minute.
What is minute ventilation?
300
In the red blood cell, carbon dioxide undergoes a chemical reaction forming a hydrogen ion and this ion.
What is bicarbonate?
400
An increase in either of these two factors used to calculate cardiac output results in an increase in arterial blood pressure.
What are heart rate and stroke volume?
400
This intrinsic control of blood flow by change in local metabolites surrounding arterioles allows for tissues to regulate their own blood flow in accordance with their metabolic needs.
What is autoregulation?
400
An increase in this variable impairs gas diffusion across tissues.
What is tissue thickness?
400
Prolonged exercise performed in a hot/humid environment results in a drift upward in this respiratory variable.
What is (expired) ventilation (VE)?
500
This ECG waveform occurs at the beginning of ventricular systole.
What is the QRS complex?
500
The double product increases linearly during incremental exercise due to increases in heart rate and this variable.
What is systolic blood pressure?
500
As a consequence of the difference in partial pressure across the respiratory membrane, this gas leaves the blood and diffuses into the alveolus.
What is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
500
These receptors in the aorta and carotid arteries are sensitive to increases in blood carbon dioxide and decreases in blood oxygen or pH.