CNS
This is the number of layers bloodborne substances must pass through from the capillary before reaching the nerve; coincidently, superstition holds that bad luck comes in groups of this number
What is 3
This type of sensory receptor senses the body's position in space by sensing the movements of joints and muscles; also known as kinesthetic awareness
What is proprioception?
This division of the ANS is also known as the "E" division; exercise, excitement, emergency, and embarrassment
What is the sympathetic NS?
This type of brain fiber connects corresponding gray areas of different hemispheres
What are commissures?
This type of brain wave is more prevalent when you are taking an exam
What are beta waves?
This lobe of the cerebrum is involved in smell, voluntary motor function, aggression, and mood; this area of the brain was also the target of operation for lobotomies
What is the frontal lobe?
This is the only cranial nerve with visceral connections; dunking your face in cold water stimulates this cranial nerve X
What is the vagus nerve?
This division of the ANS is also known as the "D" division; digestion, defecation, and diuresis
What is the parasympathetic NS?
This area of the brain controls the motor aspect of speech; dysfunction of this area causes expressive or non-fluent aphasia
What is Broca's area?
This disease results from the degeneration of dopamine-releasing neurons in the brain; its most recognizable symptom is tremors
What is Parkinson's disease?
This visceral control center regulates nearly every aspect of homeostasis and makes up one-third of the diencephalon
What is the hypothalamus?
This word's root and suffix mean "skin section"; it refers to a section of skin innervated by one nerve, and is an important concept for surgeons
What is a dermatome?
This neurotransmitter is only secreted by sympathetic postganglionic axons; neurons that release this neurotransmitter are known as adrenergic
What is norepinephrine?
This structure of the brain consists of three parts who share the root meaning "inner room"; these areas control homeostasis of the body and relay this information to the higher brain
What is the diencephalon?
The indirect descending pathway is associated with muscles that regulate balance, gross motor movements, and movements that follow objects in the visual field, and originates from this area of the brain
What is the brain stem?
Aphasia of this motor language area preserves understanding, but makes speech broken and non-fluent
What is Broca's area?
This reflex includes withdrawal from a painful stimulus as well as extension of the opposite side
What is the crossed extensor reflex?
This type of acetylcholine receptor is always stimulatory; its name shares a root with a common stimulant found in tobacco products
What is a nicotinic receptor?
This structure of the midbrain is the major descending motor pathway
What are the cerebral peduncles?
This order of neurons transmits signals from the skin to the spinal cord
What are first-order neurons?
This section of the brain stem is in charge of vital survival functions, including vomiting, coughing, breathing, and heart rate; the first part of its name is shared with a kidney structure and means "inner" or "deep"
What is the medulla oblongata?
The thickest and longest nerve in the body; it is commonly afflicted by neuropathy and aggravated by long durations of sitting, causing pain, tingling, and burning in the legs
What is the sciatic nerve?
Parasympathetic fibers originate from two sectors of the body; this is the complementary origin to the cranium
What is the sacral spine?
This association area of the cerebral cortex assigns emotions to a stimulus; in other words, this area of the brain is what assigns the feeling "dread" when you get a notification that exam grades are in
What is the limbic association area?
This reflex inhibits contraction (relaxes) the target muscle and causes contraction of the antagonist muscle
What is the Golgi Tendon Organ reflex?