Places
Where did the first major meeting of the Third Estate take place?
La salle de Jeu de Paume à Versailles
What are the three factions of people at the beginning of the Revolution?
For the meeting of the "cahiers de doléances", they each had equal amounts of delegates despite the third estate being the large majority, the nobility being quite small and the clergy even smaller.
What did people were and call themselves to identify as revolutionaries?
Le Tricolore: bleu, blanc rouge
Who was Marat?
L'ami du Peuple - The Friend of the People (name of his publication)
He was a radical ruler and orator during the Revolution, believing in the Terror and the assassination of the Nobility among other things.
He was murdered in his bathtub by a rogue woman. Thanks to the moving painting of Jacques-Louis David, he is remembered as a martyr and thinking rather than one of the leader of the Terror.
What did the sans-culotte storm and dismantle?
La Bastille: the symbol of Louis XVI's power, both a prison and armory.
What did the Third estate want?
Economic equality: taxes for all
Freedom from religion and the end of absolutism: a constitution and for laws to be voted on...
What did people wear to present as Revolutionaries that was also a symbole during the Olympic games among other things?
Le bonnet phrygien, Phrygien hat
It symbolized liberation for enslaved individuals and many other countries prior and after.
Who was Napoléon?
Coming back to a defective government after the French Revolution (most leaders were killed and the original goals of the revolution, economic equality, was lost, foreign enemies were everywhere) he lead the new government and then crowned himself Emperor by the Pope.
Where were Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and the royal family caught attempting to escape?
Varennes. They had been moved from Versailles to the Tuileries in Paris to keep a closer eye on them.
Who were the sans-culottes?
The poorest of the Third Estate, wearing functional and cheap pants instead of the fashion of the time: silk stockings and fancy fabric "capris"
They were the muscle of the revolution.
The Guillotine because it was quick, painless and could be public.
Who was Robespierre?
One of the main leaders and thinkers of the French Revolution. He was initially against the death penalty but became one of the leaders of the Terror and eventually guillotined himself.
He believed in virtue and rationality, fighting for a more democratic government.
What was the name of the prison used during the Revolution?
La Consiergerie: they cut the hair of their prisoners to prepare them for the Guillotine. Marie Antoinette, Robespierre and many others were imprisoned here.
What was the Bourgeoisie?
A portion of the Third Estate that had to pay taxes but were well-off, making fortunes from the boom of French goods under Louis XIV.
What was the anthem of the French Revolution?
La Marseillaise: song created and sung by soldiers marching from Marseille, in the south of France, up to Paris, to help fight against Tyrannie.
Where did the new government meet and plan during the Revolution?
The National Assembly: Initially meeting at Versailles, the National Assembly moved to Paris and played a central role in drafting the new constitution and governing France during the early years of the Revolution.
What were the two most dominant political groups of the French Revolution?
Les Jacobins: An influential political club that advocated radical reforms and played a central role during the Reign of Terror. (Robespierre + Marat)
Les Girondins: Another political group, more moderate than the Jacobins, who opposed the centralization of power.
Who became the symbole of the Revolution and the French Republique to this day?
Marianne : Cette figure allégorique de la Liberté, souvent représentée coiffée du bonnet phrygien, est devenue l'incarnation de la République française.
Who was Jacques-Louis David?
The painter of the French Revolution, he drew "the Sermont du Jeu de Paume", "La mort de Marat" among many other paintings.
After the Revolution, he became Napoleon's official painter: painting his portrait and his coronation.