Eukaryotic Microbes
T/F Cysts require ample food and resources for survival.
False; trophozoite
In the nitrile test, if the broth only turned red after the addition of zinc, this indicates
that this organism does not reduce nitrogen and the test is negative.
A hydrogen ion loving bacterial will have the most growth in an environment with a pH of (<7;around 7 >7)
<7
Reminder that each other number of pH is a 1000x difference in H+ ions
What is the formula to calculate CFU/mL and what is the range of colonies found on the diluted plate that is appropriate in calculating this figure
CFU/mL= Avg plate count X dilution factor X 10[to account for 0.1mL plated]
25-300 colonies
Whats the difference between sterilizing a service and disinfecting a service?
killing all microbes vs reducing viable ones.
Different species found in pork (Taenia solium), beef (Taenia saginata), and fish (Diphyllobothrium) are examples of what
tapeworms, cestode
What is the term for an endospore located between the middle of the cell and the end of the cell
subterminal
MSA selects for ____ and differentiates for ____
halophiles and fermentation
Name 3 products of fermentation
Yogurt is made using what metabolic process
Lactic acid fermentation
What is the vibration of cells caused by the collision of cells with water molecules due to kinetic energy that often times is confused for microbial motility on a wet mount
brownian motion
Name the mordant and the counterstain in the endospore stain.
heat and Safranin
Freezing and Desiccation are (physical/chemical) methods of (eliminating/inhibiting) bacteria.
Physical, inhibiting
How is Bacterial presence in milk detected with the Methylene blue reductase test
Methylene blue is a dye that is blue when it is oxidized, but turns colorless when it is reduced by bacteria. The sooner the dye is decolorized, the more bacteria that are present in the milk, indicating a poorer microbiological quality of the milk.
Some fungi are dimorphic, the single celled form of a fungi is its
Yeast form
The cilia(s) of a ciliate functions to
Name two spore forming genus
clostridium and bacilli
An antibiotic was tested on bacteria A and bacteria B producing a zone of inhibition of 15 mm and 20 mm respectively. Which bacteria was more resistant to the antibiotic
Bacteria A
What does pink indicate in a PR broth test
peptonization; after exhausting its sugar supply, these bacteria converted some of its peptides into ammonia.
Name one mechanism of action by an antimicrobial
Protein denaturation Inhibits enzymes, channel proteins, cell wall, etc. Membrane disruption Nucleic acid damage Inhibition of metabolism
Name one asexual and one sexual method of reproduction of fungi? ( not including mitosis and meiosis)
budding(asexual) karyogamy and plasmogamy(sexual)
Why are nitrate reduction positive organisms considered anaerobes?
Nitrogen as the final electron acceptor
C/C facultative anaerobe vs aerotolerant anaerobe
facultative can grow in wither environments tho more growth will be seen at the top as aerobic respiration is more efficient, aerotolerant can grow in both because they have enzymes that break down oxygen, they grow thoughout as if oxygen doesn't even exist.
Slight clouding of the plaque during the plaque assay can be attributed to what two things?
Certain temperate phages can adopt what is referred to as a lysogenic lifecycle where part of its chromosome incorporates with the bacterial chromosome during a latent phase that often confers resistance. Plaques can also appear blurred due to re-growth of bacteria that have evolved resistance to the phage independent of previous phage infections.
Carbon is highly soluble in water and commonly exists there in the form of
carbonic acid