5 P’s of Labor
Maternal & Fetal Adaptations
Stages of Labor
Cardinal Movements & Presentations
Nursing Assessment & Care
100
what are the 5 p's of labor
Passenger, Passageway, Powers, Position, and Psychological response
100
Maternal cardiac output peaks when?
10–30 minutes after birth
100
This stage ends with complete dilation of the cervix.
first stage of labor
100
The fetal head entering the pelvic inlet is known as this cardinal movement.
engagement
100
The main determinant of true labor.
cervical change (effacement/dilation)
200
The most favorable fetal position for vaginal birth.
ROA or LOA (Right/Left Occiput Anterior)
200
Supine positioning can compress the vena cava, leading to this type of decelerations.
late decelerations
200
Average length of the second stage for a nulliparous woman with no epidural
3 hours (without anesthesia)
200
The chin tucked to the chest is this fetal attitude.
Flexion
200
The point on the maternal abdomen where fetal heart tones are heard loudest.
PMI (point of maximal intensity), usually over the fetal back
300
Station 0 means this.
the presenting part is engaged at the ischial spines
300
+1 proteinuria during labor is considered…
normal
300
The sign of placental separation described as a sudden gush of blood.
third stage of labor
300
The sequence of the 7 cardinal movements of labor.
engagement, descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation (restitution), and expulsion
300
Frequency of FHR assessment in a low-risk patient during the active phase of the first stage.
30 minutes
400
what is the three part notation for this baby
LOA
400
The hormonal changes believed to trigger labor include decreased progesterone and increased what three hormones?
estrogen, prostaglandins, and oxytocin
400
The fourth stage of labor lasts how long and is focused on what?
2 hours after placenta delivery, focused on observation and stabilization
400
What is the sagittal suture aligned midline with equal parietal levels?
Synclitism
400
The nursing mnemonic “P-U-R-E” stands for what?
What are Position, Urination, Relaxation, and Environment?
500
The urge to push triggered by pressure on stretch receptors.
Ferguson Reflex
500
Variability in the fetal heart rate indicates what?
adequate fetal oxygenation and health
500
Name three clinical signs that labor is approaching (“signs preceding labor”)
lightening, cervical ripening, and bloody show? (also acceptable: nesting, stronger Braxton-Hicks, ROM, backache, urinary frequency).
500
A breech with hips flexed and legs extended is called what?
Frank breech
500
an acronym that highlights the critical steps in a postpartum maternal assessment.
BUBBLE HE