Stages of Labor
This stage begins when the cervix is completely dilated and ends with the delivery of the baby.
What is the second stage of labor?
These three signs indicate the onset of labor.
What are contractions, show (bloody mucus), and ruptured membranes?
This device is worn around the examiner's head to listen to fetal heart tones.
What is a fetoscope? (Also accept: Doppler)
This complication occurs when the umbilical cord slips through the cervix before the baby.
What is a prolapsed cord?
This scoring system evaluates the baby's condition at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
What is the Apgar score?
Name all four stages of labor in order.
What is (1) First stage—cervical effacement & dilatation, (2) Second stage—delivery of baby, (3) Third stage—delivery of placenta, (4) Fourth stage—recovery & monitoring?
This is the term for the sensation that the baby has 'dropped' lower in the abdomen.
What is lightening?
The fetal heart rate should be checked at this frequency during labor.
What is every 15-30 minutes (or every contraction)?
When a prolapsed cord occurs, the mother should be brought to the hospital immediately and positioned this way.
What is head down / Trendelenburg position?
Name the five signs evaluated in the Apgar scoring system.
What are appearance (color), pulse (heart rate), grimace (reflex irritability), activity (muscle tone), and respiration (breathing effort)?
This stage lasts about 30 minutes to 1 hour and ends with delivery of the placenta.
What is the third stage of labor?
Contractions in true labor occur at regular intervals and cause cervical changes. What do contractions in false labor cause?
What is no cervical change / no dilation?
During a vaginal exam, nurses can evaluate these four things.
What are cervical effacement, dilatation, station, and fetal presentation?
These are two medications used to initiate uterine contractions.
What are Pitocin (oxytocin) and Cytotec (misoprostol)?
A baby should be monitored daily for these seven things during the hospital stay.
What are feeding, elimination (urine/stool), jaundice, temperature, infection signs, umbilical cord, and behavior/alertness?
The first stage of labor is divided into three phases. Name them.
What is the latent phase, active phase, and transition phase?
The cervix goes from 0 to 10 cm through this process, while simultaneously becoming thinner through effacement.
What is dilatation?
The purpose of perineal preparation includes cleaning, reducing bacteria, and these two other things.
What are comfort for the mother and ease of delivery / visualization of the perineum?
Bearing down (pushing) should be avoided before the cervix is completely dilated because it can cause this.
What is cervical edema / tearing / prolonged labor?
The mother should be monitored daily for six things during her hospital stay. Name at least three.
What are lochia amount/odor, fundal firmness, vital signs, incision healing, pain level, and emotional state?
During this stage, the mother must be monitored for hemorrhage, vital signs, bladder distention, and fundal firmness.
What is the fourth stage of labor?
This postpartum discharge contains blood, tissue, and mucus and lasts several weeks after delivery.
What is lochia?
Contractions lasting more than 90 seconds can cause this dangerous condition in the baby.
What is fetal hypoxia / decreased blood flow to the fetus?
The purpose of an enema during labor includes clearing the bowel and these two other reasons.
What are reducing contamination during delivery and reducing discomfort?
These are two indications that the second stage of labor is beginning.
What are complete cervical dilatation (10 cm) and the urge to bear down / push?