Lactation Basics
What is the definition of lactation?
The process of producing milk from the mammary glands
Which hormone controls milk production?
Prolactin
How often should newborns be fed in 24 hours?
8-12 times in a 24 hour period
How many hours a day do newborns usually sleep?
16-17 hours
What does the PUMP Act stand for?
Providing Urgent Maternal Protections
When can lactation begin during pregnancy?
As early as the second trimester (around 16 weeks)
Which hormone causes the let down reflex?
Oxytocin
Name one benefit of breastfeeding for the baby
Protection from infections, asthma, SIDS, and diabetes
What reflex helps babies find the breast or bottle?
Rooting reflex
What does the PUMP Act require employers to provide?
Time and a private, non-bathroom space to pump for up to 1 year after birth
When do the three stages of lactogenesis happen?
Stage 1: during pregnancy
Stage 2: 2-3 days postpartum
Stage 3: as long as milk is being removed
What happens to estrogen and progesterone after delivery?
They sharply drop, allowing prolactin to take over
Name one benefit of breastfeeding for the mother
Reduced risk of certain cancers, faster recovery, bonding, cost-effective
At around 6 months, most babies can begin doing what?
Sit up with little support and start eating solid food
How long can a father take off under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)?
What type of milk is produced first after birth?
Colostrum
What can trigger the let-down reflex besides nursing?
Hearing or seeing the baby
What does "hindmilk" provide that "foremilk" doesn't?
More fat and energy for satiety/fullness
How many calories should a 1 year old eat daily?
about 1,000 calories
What year were the PUMP Act and the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act passed?
Decemember 2022
What are Montgomery glands, and what do they do?
They are small bumps on the areola that secrete oil to lubricate the nipple
What is the key factor that maintains milk supply?
Frequent nursing or pumping
What is a "nursing strike"?
When the baby suddenly refuses to breastfeed after doing so normally
How much milk should a toddler drink daily?
No more than 2 cups daily
What does the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act guarantee?
Reasonable workplace accommodations for pregnancy or childbirth-related conditions