Water landforms
This is a piece of land that is completely surrounded by water on all sides.
island
This is a mountain with an opening in the Earth's crust that allows hot magma and gases to escape from deep underground.
volcano
This layer is made of hot, liquid and solid metal (iron and nickel). It is the extremely hot center of the Earth and creates our magnetic field.
core
This is the violent event that happens when built-up pressure forces magma, ash, and gas to burst out of a volcano’s opening.
eruption
This is the name of the ancient "supercontinent" where all of Earth’s landmasses were joined together millions of years ago.
Pangea
This slow-moving "river of ice" can carve out U-shaped valleys over thousands of years.
glacier
A low area of land between mountains or hills.
valley
This layer is located directly under the crust; it is made of semi-solid rock that flows very slowly, causing the plates above it to move.
mantle
The process of breaking rocks down into smaller pieces (sediment) by wind, water, or ice.
weathering
Facts or information that prove a process (like erosion) has happened, or prove that something is true.
evidence
A piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides.
peninsula
When two tectonic plates collide and the Earth's crust is crumpled and pushed upward, they form this type of high landform.
mountain
This is the thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth that we walk on.
crust
When wind or water carries away pieces of rock or soil to a new place.
erosion
Using your senses and tools to gather information about something. (think about the Makerspace)
observations
This landform is created at the mouth of a river where it flows into an ocean or lake, forming a triangle-shaped area of sand and soil.
delta
A deep, narrow valley with very steep sides, often with a river flowing through the bottom.
canyon
These giant "puzzle pieces" of the Earth's crust move very slowly over the mantle.
tectonic plates
When sediment is dropped or added to a landform, like at the mouth of a river.
deposition
Scientists use this to copy a real-world process (such as an eruption or erosion) that is too big, slow, fast, or dangerous to do in real life.
simulation
a large group or chain of many islands clustered together in the sea or ocean.
Archipelago
A high area of land that is flat on top, often resembling a table.
Plateau
These are huge cracks or breaks in the Earth's crust where tectonic plates slide, pull apart, or push together. Most earthquakes happen along these features.
fault lines
Explain how a canyon is formed.
A canyon is formed by long-term erosion from a river flowing through rock. (over millions of years)
These are the remains of ancient plants or animals that have been preserved in sedimentary rock over millions of years.
Fossils