Earth's Surface
Weathering and Erosion #1
Fossils
Weathering and Erosion #2
Grab Bag
100
Which statement is true?
A. The Earth's surface is constantly changing. B. The Earth's surface has never changed. C. The Earth's surface only changes during earthquakes. D. The Earth's surface has changed in the past, but is no longer changing.
A. The Earth's surface is constantly changing.
100
The shape of the jagged coastline in the picture below is primarily caused by _____________.
A. flowing rivers depositing soil B. ocean waves eroding the soil C. gravity moving and depositing soil D. blowing wind eroding soil
B. ocean waves eroding the soil
100
The Megalodon is a shark that lived long ago and it is no longer living today. Several fossilized Megalodon teeth have been found along the coast of North Carolina. What can a scientist learn by comparing a Megalodon tooth with the tooth of a Great white shark? Megalodon tooth is on the left, Great White Shark tooth is on the right.
A. The Megalodon shark was the same size as a Great white shark. B. The Megalodon shark was bigger than a Great white shark. C. The Great white shark is bigger than a Megalodon shark. D. The Great white shark is able to live on land.
B. The Megalodon shark was bigger than a Great white shark.
100
Weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces. Which is an example of weathering?
A. river water carries sand and small rocks to the ocean B. waves crash on a cliff and turn it into sand and pebbles C. a landslide pulls mud and rocks down a hill D. sand builds up in a desert and forms dunes (sandy hills)
B. waves crash on a cliff and turn it into sand and pebbles
100
Which rapid process produces a vibration on Earth’s surface when solid rock is deformed or broken under sufficient pressure?
A. erosion B. weathering C. landslide D. earthquake
D. earthquake
200
Which of the following is a true statement about the Earth's surface?
A. Earth's surface is always the same. B. Earth's surface changes only through slow processes. C. Earth's surface changes through slow and rapid processes. D. Earth's surface changes only through rapid processes.
C. Earth's surface changes through slow and rapid processes.
200
Why is wind erosion a problem on the North Carolina coast?
A. Hard, heavy rains soak the North Carolina coastline. B. Salty ocean air travels very far inland. C. Loose soil particles are easily carried by the wind. D. Too many people use the beaches for recreation.
C. Loose soil particles are easily carried by the wind.
200
A scientist finds a fossil of a fern near a fossil of a small mammal. Which of the following is likely true about the organisms that made the fossils?
A. They are the same species of organism. B. They had nothing in common with each other. C. They lived on different continents. D. They were alive during the same time period.
D. They were alive during the same time period.
200
The landform shown in the picture above is called a sea arch. Which process is most likely responsible for shaping the arch?
A. earthquake B. landslide C. water erosion D. volcano
C. water erosion
200
Jordan notices that the bottom part of the cliff is worn away. Why is the cliff worn away near or under the level where the water is?
A. The fish and animals that live in the water tear up the cliff. B. The moving water is what wears away the cliff. C. The cliff is softer beneath the water line. D. The changes in temperature are greater in the water.
B. The moving water is what wears away the cliff.
300
What event caused the changes in the Earth's surface and destruction of the road in the picture below?
A. earthquakes B. landslides C. tornadoes D. tidal waves
A. earthquakes
300
Rain is falling down hard and fast. Which of the following will help protect soil from water erosion?
A. plant roots B. loose soil C. heavy rain D. steep slopes
A. plant roots
300
The fossil shown in the picture below may be as old as 70 million years. Which existing organism is most similar to the fossil show above?
A. blade of grass
B. caterpillar on a leaf 
C. millipede 
D. fern 
D. fern
300
_____________ takes place when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces. ______________ takes place when the small rock pieces are moved to a new place.
A. Erosion, Transportation B. Weathering, Evaporation C. Erosion, Weathering D. Weathering, Erosion
D. Weathering, Erosion
300
Jasmine made a stream table by putting sand and silt on a cookie sheet. She tilted the sheet and ran water down it. Which of these could Jasmine learn from the stream table?
A. How freezing water makes frost B. How the flowing water weathers stone C. How the percolation of water shapes streams D. How erosion caused by flowing water shapes the land
D. How erosion caused by flowing water shapes the land
400
Which of the following would show an example of the changes of the Earth's surface?
A. a model of a new house made by an architect B. a picture of a car taken last year C. a comparison of a very old map to a new map of the US coastline D. a drawing of a horse on a cave wall
C. a comparison of a very old map to a new map of the US coastline
400
In the stream table investigation, which of these can increase the amount of erosion and deposition?
A. put a barrier in the water path B. use the flood water source C. make the slope flatter by removing the wooden angle D. use the standard water source
B. use the flood water source
400
What can a scientist learn from studying fossils?
A. how organisms may have changed over time B. how the weather is predicted C. how islands are formed D. how volcanoes erupt
A. how organisms have changed over time
400
Which of the following is the process in which weathered rock and soil are moved from one place to another by wind, water, ice, or gravity?
A. volcanic eruption B. earthquake C. erosion D. fossil
C. erosion
400
Select the correct pairing of an event with its effect on the Earth's surface.
A. tornado: masses of ice that move soil across the Earth's crust B. volcano: the eruption creates new land on the Earth's crust C. flood: a rock mass sliding down a mountainside onto the Earth's crust D. glacier: a piece of rock collides with the Earth's crust
B. volcano: the eruption creates new land on the Earth's crust
500
How do glaciers create a change in the Earth's surface?
A. The ice moves rocks to other areas and gradually carves the land beneath it. B. Glaciers do not cause change in the Earth's surface. C. The ice moves rocks to other areas and rapidly carves the land beneath it. D. The ice melts and causes a landslide.
A. The ice moves rocks to other areas and gradually carves the land beneath it.
500
What natural force is most likely responsible for the formation of the narrow passage through the cliffs in the picture?
A. blowing wind eroded the soil B. flowing water eroded the soil C. gravity moved and deposited the soil D. ocean waves deposited the soil
B. flowing water eroded the soil
500
What is the name of a scientist who studies fossils?
A. biologist B. geologist C. paleontologist D. chemist
C. paleontologist
500
How might ice change rocks into soil?
A. Rocks are too hard to ever break apart and become soil. B. Rocks covered in ice move underneath the loose soil. C. Water expanding and freezing breaks rocks into soil. D. Freezing water covers rocks and makes soil.
C. Water expanding and freezing breaks rocks into soil.
500
How does gravity affect the stream table model?
A. Gravity does not affect the model. B. Gravity causes water to flow from a high place to a lower place. C. Gravity causes water to flow to the outside edges of the model. D. Gravity pulls water to the top of the slope.
B. Gravity causes water to flow from a high place to a lower place.