WATER BODIES & LAND FORMS
1. What is an Island?
2. Please name one example.
(Please answer both questions for points.)
An Island is a body of land completely surrounded by water. Some examples:
-Australia (also a continent)
-Hawaii
-Fiji
-Tonga
-Angel Island
-Alcatraz Island ... and others
What is a Plateau?
Huge, flat areas of land that are higher than the surrounding land.
What is a Valley?
The low place between Mountains and Mountain ranges. It is usually very rich and fertile.
1. What is a Mountain? Can you name one?
2. What is a Hill?
(3-Part Question. Must answer ALL Parts.)
1. A Mountain is a Huge, Very Tall Landform that rises Abruptly (Sharply) from the Earth's Crust. It has Sharp, Jagged, Rocky Peaks with Very Steep Sides. Examples: Mount Everest, Mount Kilimanjaro, the Rocky Mountains, the Appalachians.
2. A Hill is a rounded elevation of land much lower and smaller than a Mountain.
1. What is Latitude?
2. What is Longitude?
1. Latitude - the distance North or South of the Equator measured in Degrees
2. Longitude - the distance East or West of the Prime Meridian measured in Degrees
1. What is a Lake?
2. What is a Pond?
(Must answer both questions for points.)
1. A Lake is a Large Body of Freshwater surrounded by land on all sides.
2. A Pond is a Small Body of Freshwater surrounded by land on all sides.
What is a Glacier?
A long-lasting, slowly-moving mountainous block of ice on land.
What is a Waterfall?
A Waterfall forms when a River falls off a steep part of the land (down a Cliff or the Side of a Mountain).
1. What is a Canyon?
2. Please Name One.
A Canyon is a deep Valley with very steep sides. These are often formed by Erosion from a River Water over a Long, Long Period of Time, taking Millions of Years. The Grand Canyon is a good example of one Famous Canyon.
1. What is the Equator?
2. What is the Prime Meridian?
1. The Equator is the imaginary, horizontal line that divides Earth into two equal halves: the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
2. The Prime Meridian is the imaginary, vertical line that divides the world into two equal halves: the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.
Describe what an Ocean and a Sea are.
What is the difference between them?
(Must answer everything in both questions.)
An Ocean is a very Large Body of Saltwater that surrounds a continent.
A Sea is smaller than an Ocean and is also a Body of Saltwater.
Name 2 water bodies that are surrounded by land on 3-sides.
1. Bay
2. Gulf
1. What is a Peninsula?
2. Name one or Two Famous Peninsulas.
1. A Peninsula is a Landform surrounded by Water on Three Sides and is connected to a Main Landform such as a Continent.
2. Examples: Italy, State of Florida, Baja California, Arabian Peninsula, ...
1. What is a BUTTE?
2. What is a MESA?
3. What is the difference between a MESA and PLATEAU?
1. A BUTTE is a very tall plateau landform that is taller than it is wide.
2. A MESA is a wide landform with a flat area on top and steep walls.
3. A MESA is smaller than a PLATEAU. It can stand by itself or be a part or section of a PLATEAU.
What are Cardinal Directions?
Cardinal Directions are the 4 main directions: N, S, E, W.
What are Deltas and how are they formed?
(Answer ALL parts of this question for points.)
Deltas are formed at the Mouths of Rivers, at the Ends of Rivers. They are formed where the River meets the Ocean. They are formed when Sediment like Rocks, Soil, and Pebbles are dragged by the River and carried to the River's Mouth.
How much of the Earth is covered by Ocean and Sea SaltWater?
71%
1. What is a Strait?
2. What is a Canal?
1. A Strait is a Natural, narrow Body of Water that connects Seas and Oceans.
2. A Canal is a Human-Made narrow Body of Water that connects two larger Bodies of Water. Ex. Panama Canal.
1. What is an ISTHMUS?
2. Optional Bonus: Name a famous one.
1. An ISTHMUS is a narrow strip of land, with water on either side, which connects two land masses.
2. A famous one is the ISTHMUS of PANAMA, connecting North and South America.
1. What is a Compass Rose?
2. What are they used for?
3. Where do we always find them?
1. A Compass Rose is a circular symbol that is labeled with cardinal directions, the 4 main directions: N,S,E,W. Some will show intermediate directions: NE, NW, SE, SW.
2. A compass rose, a drawing shows different directions on a map., is usually found somewhere on the edge of a map
3. Compass roses are usually found somewhere on the edge or corner of a map.
1. Name 3 Features of all Rivers
2. Name one.
(4-part answer. Must have at least 4 to win points.)
Possible answers:
- Rivers can cause massive Erosion over a long period of time, millions of years (ex. Grand Canyon)
- Rivers have Sides called Banks
- Rivers start with a Mountain Source and End with a Mouth.
- Rivers often form Deltas (Landforms) at their Mouths.
- Rivers move toward Oceans and Seas.
- Rivers are major Freshwater sources.
- Rivers are very large "Streams" and Streams are very small Rivers.
1. How much of ALL of the Earth's Water is made up of Oceans and Seas?
2. Name one Ocean
3. Name one Sea.
1. 96-97%
2. Oceans: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean.
3. Seas: Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean Sea, Bering Sea, Black Sea, Red Sea.
1. What Landform usually occurs when two of the Earth's Tectonic Plates push up against each other?
2. Describe Mrs. Son's choice.
1. A Volcano or a Mountain
2. A Volcano is a Landform on the Earth’s surface and can be on Land or Under the Ocean. When it erupts, it spews out Lava, Ashes, and Hot Gases from deep inside the Earth It is an open Mountain that rises when two Tectonic Plates push against each other. The opening vents Magma from the Earth's Mantle. When Magma erupts onto the Earth's Surface, it is called Lava.
1. How much (PERCENT) of the Earth's water is composed of FRESHWATER?
2. How much (PERCENT) of the Earth's FRESHWATER is DRINKABLE and CONSUMABLE by HUMANS?
1. 3%
2. < 1%
1. What is erosion?
2. What causes weathering?
3. What causes both?
1. Erosion is the transfer or movement of sand, soil, and rocks from one place to another changing the shape of landforms or making new ones.
2. Weathering is the wearing down of earth landforms.
3. Erosion and Weathering are caused by 3 things: Wind, Water, and Glaciers.