Landscapes
Define what a landscape is
All the visible features of an area of land.
Define what a landform is
Landforms are distinct, natural features occurring on the surface of the Earth.
What are the different ways landscapes are valued?
Spiritual, cultural, economic, aesthetic
What tectonic plate is Australia located on?
Australian plate
Name the 5 oceans
Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, Arctic
What are the three types of rocks
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
What is weathering?
Natural process that slowly breaks apart or changes rock
Formed by tectonic plates pushing against each other.
A landform with steep sides and a peak.
Mountain
What is the difference between aesthetic value and economic value?
The aesthetic value of a landscape is closely linked to its beauty and uniqueness.
What is the name for a tectonic belt of volcanoes and earthquakes?
Ring of Fire?
Label the 7 Continents
Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, Antartica, North America, South America
What is an igneous rock?
Molten rock that has cooled and solidified.
What is erosion?
Erosion is the action of surface processes that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust and then transports it to another location
Defined as a landscape that receives less than 250mm of rainfall annually.
Desert landscape
Describe how volcanoes can alter/form other landforms
Lava spilling out dries and can form new land and landforms. Later, this gets eroded.
What are the two big industries in Australia that focus on the economic value of landscapes?
Mining and Tourism
When tectonic plates crash into each other like cars these are called ________ tectonic plates.
Convergent
What is the name of the longest river in Africa?
The Nile
What is the difference between a metamorphic rock and a sedimentary rock?
Metamorphic rocks formed from other rocks that are changed by heat and pressure underground.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from layers of sand, silt, dead plants, and animal skeletons.
What is deposition?
The laying down of sediment
A landscape that is not natural and has experienced intervention from mankind.
Built Landscape
Before reaching the surface of the earth, what is lava known as?
Magma
What does UNESCO stand for?
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
______ plate boundaries form when two plates move away from each other.
Divergent
What is the name of the largest country in the world?
Russia
What are the two types of igneous rock? What is the difference?
Intrusive rocks form underground
Extrusive rocks form when magma erupts from a volcano and cools quickly above ground
What are the main agents of erosion, weathering and deposition?
Water, Ice, Wind, Gravity
Landscapes which feature caves, underground streams and sinkholes on the surface
Karst
At what height must a mountain be to be considered a mountain?
600 Metres
Name a UNESCO site in Australia
What country which located on a rift between tectonic plates, which leads to continual growth of the country over time
Iceland
What is the name of the smallest country in the world?
Vatican City
Label a specific rock type for each rock category
Metamorphic:gneiss, slate, marble, schist, and quartzite.
Sedimentary: sandstone, limestone, and shale.
Igneous: granite, gabbro, diorite, basalt
PROCESS WHICH OCCURS AS A RESULT OF THE INFLUENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
Give an example
Physical Weathering
-Freeze Thaw
-Exfoliation
Name a:
Desert Landscape in Australia
Rainforest Landscape in South America
Mountain Landscape in Asia
Aquatic Landscape
- Simpson Desert, Great Sandy Desert, Gibson Desert, Great Victorian Desert, Tanami
-Amazon rainforest
- Himalayas
-Great Barrier Reef
What are the four layers of the Earth?
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
When was UNESCO founded?
16 November 1945, London, United Kingdom
Italy is close to the border of which two tectonic plates?
Eurasian and African plates
How many countries are there in the United Kingdom and name them
Four:
Scotland
England
Wales
Northern Ireland
What kind of rock most often contains fossils?
Sedimentary - Sedimentary rock most often contains fossils because it is formed from layers of sediment that accumulate over time. Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rock because this type of rock is formed from the remains of plants and animals that have been preserved in the sediment. Igneous rock is formed from cooled lava or magma and does not typically contain fossils. Metamorphic rock is formed from the transformation of existing rock through heat and pressure, and it also does not typically contain fossils.
PROCESS WHICH OCCURS WHEN MINERALS FOUND IN ROCKS CHANGE TO OTHER MINERALS DUE TO A REACTION WITH WATER OR AIR
Give an example
Chemical Weathering
-Carbonation