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Apportionment of state voting districts (14th Amendment Equal Protection)
Baker v. Carr (1962)
Students may not use a school's loudspeaker system to offer student-led, student-initiated prayer
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe (2000)
Indigent defendants must be provided representation without charge.
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Students do not leave their rights at the schoolhouse door.
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Even offensive speech such as flag burning is protected by the First Amendment.
Texas v. Johnson (1989)
Allowed for interracial marriage acccording to the 14th Amendment.
Loving v. Virginia (1967)
Administrators may edit the content of school newspapers.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)
Certain school voucher programs are constitutional.
Zelma v. Simmons-Harris (2002)
Police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning.
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
The Constitution gives the federal government certain implied powers.
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819
Random drug tests of student athletes do not violate the 4th Amendment's prohibition of unreasonable searches and seizures.
Vernonia School District v. Acton (1995)
Illegally obtained material cannot be used in a criminal trial.
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
Students have a reduced expectation of privacy in school.
New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)
In order to prove libel, a public official must show that what was said against them was made with actual malice.
Stop and frisks do not violate the Constitution under certain circumstances.
Terry v. Ohio (1968)
Colleges and universities have a legitimate interest in promoting diversity.
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)
The President is not above the law.
U.S. v. Nixon (1974)
"separate but equal."
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
The President is not above the law.
U.S. v. Nixon (1974)
Students do not leave their rights at the schoolhouse door.
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Established the doctrine of judicial review.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Students are entitled to certain due process rights.
Goss v. Lopez (1975)
School initiated-prayer in the public school system violates the First Amendment.
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Random drug tests of students involved in extracurricular activities do not violate the Fourth Amendment.
Pottawatomie County v. Earls (2002)
It is cruel and unusual punishment to execute persons for crimes they committed before age 18.
Roper v. Simmons (2005)