About language...
Grab Bag
Communication Development
The Brain
Language Theories
100
Before words emerge, children link sounds together such as bababa...Development of sound and sound patterns is what broad component of language?
What is phonological development (phonology)?
100
How many morphemes are in this sentence?
The girls are walking their dog.
8 morphemes
100
June waves good-bye as she leaves daycare. Based on Dore's list, what communicative function (act) is she displaying?
What is greeting?
100
What 4 things make up a neuron?
What are cell body, dendrite, axon, and myelin sheath?
100
Chomsky believed all individuals (across languages) contained an innate understanding of rules for word and sentence construction. The name for this part of Chomsky's theory is...
What is Universal Grammar?
200
The age at which children, on average, say at least 50 words.
What is 2 years?
200
This feature of human language means that new words are created and words can be reorganized in multiple ways to create meaning. What is the name of the feature?
What is productivity/generativity?
200
At what age do infants seem to lose the ability to perceive phonetic differences that are not important in their home language?
What is 10-12 months of age?
200
What's the difference between a CT/MRI and a PET/fMRI?
What is...
MRI/CT does structural imaging
PET/fMRI does functional imaging
200
When comparing structuralists vs. functionalists, what part of language most interests structuralists?
What is the form of language? (syntax or grammar is ok too)
300
A child who knows that the word "caterpillar" is longer than the word "snake" shows this type of knowledge
What is metalinguistic knowledge?
300
These words are what type of morphemes
dog
car
run
big
What are free morphemes?
300
According to Patricia Kuhl and other infant language researchers, infants gather multiple examples of important sounds, grammar structures, and words in their world in order to make sense of the most relevant language components and rules for their own language. This pattern is called... _____________________- learning.
What is statistical learning/
300
What are the key language centers of the brain, and what do they do?
What are Broca's area (verbal output), Wernicke's area (auditory comprehension), and arcuate fasciculus (connects the two). ?
Heschl's gyrus is the primary auditory area of the brain. It detects auditory stimuli, and the Wernicke's area deciphers meaning from it.
300
Proponents of these theories claim that language develops through a stimulus-response pattern to the child's language attempts.
What is behaviorism?
400
One criterion distinct for human language is the ability to talk about something that is not present. This criterion is...
What is displacement?
400
What type of sentence is this?
"where did you hide your cup?"
What is interrogative?
400
This is one example of a speech act in a young child?
What is (one of these is enough)
Greeting, Statement, Promise, Request, Indirect request, Complaint, Invitation, Refusal
400
What are mirror neurons?
What are Neurons in the brain that fire when we view someone else performing a motor act or experiencing something. The brain activates as if we, ourselves, are having the experience. (?)
400
Chomsky claimed that environment alone was not sufficient to explain language acquisition because of this argument... the __________________of _____________ argument.
What is poverty of stimulus argument?
500
What's the difference between communicative and linguistic competence?
Communicative competence: Ability to communicate a message successfully and understand the concepts being communicated.
Linguistic competence: Acquisition and the use of morphology, phonology, syntax, and semantics (Gleason & Ratner, 2017).
500
Which of these are inflectional morphemes?
unfortunate
cats
walking
taller
teacher
What are
plural s (cats)
ing (walking)
er (taller)
500
In this sentence, what is the agent? action? affected?
Bear rides bus.
Bear = agent
rides = action
bus = affected
500
Draw a picture of a brain and label each lobe and its function
Frontal- executive functions and motor movements (houses Broca's area)
Temporal-auditory processing (houses Wernicke's area)
Occipital- vision
Parietal- sensation
500
In this theory of language development, pattern finding is an important way that children come to understand the regularities in language. This theoretical approach is called ________________ .
What is emeregentism?