pragmatics
What is one of the first pragmatic skills an infant demonstrates by 8 months?
Joint attention (e.g. looking at a toy an adult points to, or playing with peers)
What is a free morpheme?
A word that can stand alone (e.g. dog)
at what age does a vocabulary “explosion” typically occur?
Around 18-24 months
When do children typically begin combining two words together?
Around 18-24 months
Expressive or receptive?
“Child can follow two step directions”
Receptive
At what age should a child typically begin initiating greetings? (E.g. hi)
Around 12 months
When do children usually begin too use plural-s (e.g. Cats)
Around 2 to 2.5 years old (27-30 months)
What is fast mapping?
Learning new words quickly after a few exposures
Which sentence is more syntactically complex? A) she eat cookie B)she is eating a cookie. Why?
B. It includes auxiliary and proper verb tense
Expressive or receptive?
Child labels pictures in a book
Expressive
A 3 year old interrupts often and doesn’t take conversational turns.
what pragmatic skill is still developing?
Turn Taking
define “mean length of Utterance” (MLU) and what it tells us.
Average number of morpheme per utterance; measures grammatical development
By age 4, how many words does a child typically know?
Around 1,000-1,500
At age 3, children begin using what types of sentences?
Wh- Questions and some negatives. (E.g. Where is it?)
At 2 years, children should be able to express at least how many words
50 words
A 4 year old frequently changes topic mid conversation and doesn’t respond to comments. What pragmatic skill is still developing?
Topic maintenance. - the ability to stay on one subject and respond appropriately during conversations.
Create a sentence using three bound morphemes
Example: ”the dogs were playing outside.” (Dog-s, were, play-ing)
Name a semantic category typically taught first
Animals, food, body parts etc.
What grammatical marker appears around 36 months
Auxiliary verbs (e.g. is, are)
Give one example of a receptive language delay for a 3 year old
Doesn’t understand basic one step directions (e.g. Give me the ball)
Name two pragmagic skills that typically develop between ages 4 and 5
Stay on topic, start to understand theory of mind, provide more appropriate answers to questions
better at turn taking etc.
How many morphemes are in this sentence:
“the dogs ate grass and the vegetables in the garden”
13- The (1M article) dogs (2 M, s is plural marker) ate (1M) grass (1M) and (1 M conjunction)
the (1 M) vegetables (3 M, derivational morpheme of -able, plus plural s)in (1M) the (1M) garden (1M)
What kind of semantic error is saying ”dog“ for all four legged animals?
Overextension
By age 5, what kind of sentence structure can children typically produce?
Compound and complex sentences
At what age should a child typically understand spatial terms? (Behind, under, above)
Between 4-5 years old