Parts of Speech
This part of speech names a person, place, thing, or idea.
A noun
This punctuation mark introduces a list or an explanation. It is also the name of a part of your digestive system.
A colon (:).
A clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence because it begins with a subordinating conjunction.
A dependent (subordinate) clause.
The prefix 'mis-' in words like 'misunderstand' conveys this meaning.
Wrong or badly
The rule that says 'i before e except after c' — give an example where this applies.
Words like 'believe', 'achieve', 'receive'.
This type of verb links a subject to a subject complement — for example, 'seem' or 'become'.
A linking verb (copula)
Use this mark — like this — to add extra information or create a dramatic pause mid-sentence.
A dash (em dash —)
A sentence containing two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction. e.g.
A compound sentence.
Words with opposite meanings, such as 'hot' and 'cold'.
Antonyms
When adding '-ing' to a short word ending in a single consonant, like 'run', you must do this.
Double the final consonant (running)
These modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, answering questions like "how," "when," "where," or "to what extent".
Adverbs
This punctuation shows a word has been shortened, as in 'don't' or 'it's'.
An apostrophe
The part of a sentence that tells us what the subject does or is.
E.g. Mrs Taylor is an exceptional teacher.
The predicate.
This term describes language that is specific to a particular field, such as medical or legal jargon.
Technical language (specialist vocabulary)
Homophones are words that sound the same but differ in this way.
Spelling and meaning. e.g. pear, pair
This type of adjective, like 'some', 'few', or 'many', indicates quantity without a specific number.
A quantifier (indefinite adjective).
Semicolons can join two of these when they are closely related.
Independent clauses.
This sentence type contains both an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
A complex sentence.
A word formed by combining two existing words, such as 'sunflower' or 'notebook'.
A compound word
The correct spelling of the plural of 'leaf' follows this pattern.
Change 'f' to 'v' and add '-es': leaves
Listing names in this way indicates the importance of people and shows respect. e.g. Nigel, Sam and I went to the conference.
Courteous order of speech.
This mark is used at the end of a sentence that makes a direct request or command.
An exclamation mark!
What type of sentence structure is: "Although it was raining, we went to the park"?
C is correct because the sentence contains one dependent clause ("Although it was raining") and one independent clause ("we went to the park").
The suffix '-tion' converts a verb into one of these.
A noun (nominalisation)
When a word ends in a consonant + 'y', you change the 'y' to 'i' before adding this suffix to form words like 'happiness'.
-ness (or -ed, -es)