Basics of Language
Phonology, Semantics, Grammar, Pragmatics make up this.
What are the 4 characteristcs of language?
Parts that make up a word e.g. teach - er
What is morphology?
An increased use of technology creates less gaze, joint attention, and responsiveness, which results in this phenomenon.
What is why vocab scores have changed
Vocabulary predicts reading success and language is critical for successful long-term outcomes like job success and general communication
What is why study language development?
Dunbar (1996)
What is proposed the grooming and gossip hypothesis?
Sounds at the most basic levels and the rules by which they are bound. e.g. run, running, ran.
What is Phonology?
Conventional use of language in the appropriate context e.g., politeness, relevance, sarcasm etc...
What are pragmatics?
A similar issue brought about by the model of impact but is also influenced by a lack of non-caregiver interactions is due to what.
What is how COVID-19 impacted language?
FOX2P gene linked with Apraxia suggesting their is a genetic factor influencing language develooment
What is some evidence for the genetic underpinning of language development?
Kuhl (2004) proposed this model.
What is the model for early language development (0-12 months)
Meanings of words
What are Semantics?
Is Non-linear with a big spike around the 2nd birthday
What is the typical trend for language acquisition?
Bilingual/multilinguals have slightly lower vocabulary in the dominant language than their monolingual counterparts which results in what.
What is a difference between bilinguals and monlinguals?
Is Strong but probabilistic, distributed across many genes, dynamically expressed throughout development, intertwined with other neurodevelopmental processes
What can be said about the genetic influences in language development?
Sperry et al. (2008) contested this.
What is the 30 million word gap. Found that original research underestimated other ways of obtaining vocabulary.
A mix of morphology and syntax.
What is Grammar?
Is contested by the non-linearity of development.
What is why development milestone models are not favoured?
Unknown words in the dominant language are often known in the non-dominant language which says what.
How unvalid the difference between mono/bilingual vocabulary is?
There are no identified risk factors.
What is Can language development be predicted genetically or environmentally?
Morris et al. (2022) created this model.
What is the model of impact.
How words go together to form a sentence.
What is syntax?
Have decreased since 2007
What is how have vocabulary scores changed over time?
Vocabulary scores even out by age 10
How does the trend in vocabulary scores between mono/bilinguals change over time?
Jago et al. (2023)
What is Risk factors not linked to language development disorders
Byers-Heinlein et al. (2023)
Marchman (2023)
Showed the difference in vocabulary between mono/bilinguals in their dominant and non-dominant languages.
Showed how language trajectories have changed since 2007 - decreased vocabulary