VOCAB.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN:Language Families ,Sub-Families ,GROUPS and BRANCHS ????
Language Family_A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history
LAnguage GROUP-
A Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.
BRNACH- collection of many languages that were originally related through a common ancestor
SUB. -
a smaller group of related languages within a language family
WHAT MAKES A DIALECT?
spelling pronounciation and VOCAB
Ok, first tell me : WHERE DID THEY ORGIAN?TE
and name some tell me the basics basically
From latin
ROman empire is how it spread
spanish,portuguses, french, and italian AND ROMANIAN!!!!! ZNTW ELLAZ' neighbor!!!
ALSO Romansh and Catalan are two other offical languages
Romansh one of switxerlands four offical languages
CATALAN one of the offical langiage of andorra spol\\\ken on eastern spain
Sardinian is also a romance langiazge spoken in SArdinia
Welsh
spoken in wales
young people are helping perserve it school and government are heloing
Austronesian, Austro-Asiatic, Tai Kadai
also korean uses what?
Austronesian, Indonesian and Malagasy from maddah=gacr
Austro-Asiatic, Vietnamese
Tai Kadai- languages in thai and china people speaking these langauges maybe went to phillapiens
LOREAN hankul letters represents sounds
EXplain yher Difference btw
PIDGIN AND CREOLEEEE
PIDGIN
A Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.
CREOLE
a mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage
WHY does the US have certain dialects? Explain why
NE- England puritans from east anglia and south ENgland
MID- **DIVERSEITY quaketrs and scots itish north eng hermsn dutch and sweedish
SOUTH - SE england
Explain the following ROMANCE dialects or languages
Castillian, Catalan-Valencian Balear, Galician, Moldovan, Creole
Castillina became a thing when the
kingdoms of Leon argon and Castile merged IT IS modern spansih whihc is found in 18 countires
Catalan-Valencian Balear- V and B are dialects of C
Galician - NW spain and NE portufal dialect of PORt or langauge they call it a dialect because it makes portguuese with influence
MOLDOVAN dialect of romanina written with cyrillic letters not roamn
CTEOLe- French creole in haiti papiamento om netherlands anteliees
Gaelic and Breton
G- birttney
B Ireland
spread by tv stations and road signs
Afro-Asiatic Altaic Uralic
afro-asiatic arabic and hebrew
turksih and thwe stans or altaic
estonia hungarty and finn uralic
Hypothesis developed by British scholar Colin Renfrew wherein he proposed that three areas in and near the first agricultural hearth, the Fertile Crescent, gave rise to three language families: Europe's Indo-European languages (from Anatolia (present-day Turkey)); North African and Arabian languages (from the western arc of the Fertile Crescent); and the languages in present-day Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India (from the eastern arc of the Fertile Crescent)
WHO were the three griups that invaded ENgland and where did they come from ????? WHo were other people that invaded?
Jutes from Northen DEnmark
ANgles from southren denmark
Saxons from Northwesttern GERMANY
VIKINGS (minnesota viikings)NORWAY
FRNACE (normans)
Why are Portuguese people upset abput the standarization of portuguse>?
IT IS MORE SIMILLAR to the BRAZILLIAN Way
Scottish and Cornish
S- 59000 speakers scotland songs and lit keep it going
C- cornwall tiaght in school few 100 speakers
Niger congo nilosahran khoisan
niger congo- swahili
nilosharain- 6 brancshs north central africa
khoisan- clicking sounds
WHAt is the conquest theory?
One major theory of how Proto-Indo-European diffused into Europe which holds that the early speakers of Proto-Indo-European spread westward on horseback, overpowering earlier inhabitants and beginning the diffusion and differentiation of Indo-European tongues
HOw did ENglsih MAKE IT TO NORTHAMERICA?
with the pilgirms yo
1600s
JaMESTOWN
Talk about the differwence between BELIGIUM
SWITZERLAND AND NIGERIA?
southern belgium WAloons speak french northern belgians speak Flemsih Flemings
$ and political differences bilingual sign in brussels
Flemings want split not peacful
SWITZERLAND- french,german, italian, and romas
local gobv have poower G65% F18% I10%R1%
PEACFU:
NIGERIA- 527 languages
main are Hausa Yoruba and Igbo
igbos want to secede Hausa says yorbua discriminates
moved capital to the center because it is more fair
*small space but too much diverisgtu
franglais VS spanglish
Franglais is like taking away from france bad
spanlisj is a helathy mix fgoosd
SINO tibetian and indo europen
ST _ china
IE everyone esle literally lots of branchs though
Waht is the dispersal theory
Hypothesis which holds that the Indo-European languages that arose from Proto-Indo-European were first carried eastward into Southwest Asia, next around the Caspian Sea, and then across the Russian-Ukrainian plains and on into the Balkans
SO English is the lingua franca but describes some problamas with that? pro and cons
DIFFUSES POP CULTURE
americans look like trash for not learning other langues and cultures
americans speka nothing so theu canot do internatiojal business
ISOLATED OR EXTINCT?????????????????????
Basque, Icelandic NAtive American, HEbrew Koro aka
Basque alive before PIE in pyrnees isolated\
Icelandic isolated hanst changed in 1000 yeats
NA extinct moslty some elft in peru
hebrew revvied osareal
what are the two meaninga of language
peoples values and their tangible artifacts
Indo- Iranian and Germanic branches
II most speakers 100 langs indiana nd farsi
G afriakaans swedsih durch norwerifan icelandic