Thought Leaders
Violence for Change
Proxy Wars and Fighting for Influence
Imperial Collapse
Cold War Concepts
100
This Baptist minister was a key civil rights leader in the United States. He advocated for nonviolent resistance and was assassinated in 1968.
Who is Martin Luther King Jr.?
100
This group's attack on the United States killed nearly 3000 Americans and resulted in the War on Terror.
What is Al-Qaeda?
100
This conflict saw the United States back the southern half of this country as the North invaded, then China poured troops over the border once things looked bad for the North. A stalemate was reached at the 38th parallel.
What is the Korean War?
100
This war in the Middle East spelled disaster for the Soviet Union, especially once the CIA got involved and started providing weapons to the Mujahideen resistance fighters.
What is the Soviet-Afghan War?
100
The proliferation of nuclear weapons meant that both sides were nervous about this which guaranteed death for both sides.
What is MAD / Mutually Assured Destruction?
200
This man was a key figure in the Indian National Congress and advocated for Satyagraha: nonviolent resistance to oppressors.
Who is Mohandas Gandhi?
200
This process resulted in the creation of Pakistan, India, and eventually Bangladesh. Over 1 million people may have died and 12 to 20 million were forced to migrate.
What is the Partition of India?
200
This conflict began only one year after this country obtained independence from the French. The Northern groups were Communist and were supported by the Soviet Union and the Southern Republic backed by the United States. Ultimately, the North won and united the country as a communist state.
What is the Vietnam War?
200
This change in Soviet policy allowed more freedom of speech and freedom of the press.
What is Glasnost?
200
This plan poured money into Western Europe in order to rebuild it after WWII, and to build up allies as a bulwark against Communism.
What is the Marshall Plan?
300
This African National Congress leader was imprisoned for 27 years for his anti-Apartheid activity and charged with conspiring to overthrow the state. Later he was released and became president.
Who is Nelson Mandela?
300
This period from the 1960s to 1998 in Northern Ireland saw violence between Catholics and Protestants over the rights and treatments of Catholics and whether or not Northern Ireland should remain in the UK.
What are The Troubles?
300
This began as way for countries to play both sides of the Cold War to try maintain independence by refusing to join with NATO or the Warsaw Pact.
What is the Non-Aligned Movement?
300
This change in Soviet policy allowed for some elements of free market economics including some private ownership into the Soviet Union. It was a major economic change for factory owners and even farmers.
What is Perestroika?
300
This movement in China tried to purge the influence of capitalism under the leadership of Mao Zedong and led to the deaths of as many as 2 million people.
What is the Cultural Revolution?
400
This man was initially an advocate for a united Hindu-Muslim India, but changed his mind after withdrawing from the Indian National Congress and joining the Muslim League. After this change, he advocated for India to be divided between Muslims and Hindus.
Who is Muhammad Ali Jinnah?
400
This movement to collectivize farms into People's Communes and to industrialize China actually resulted in the deaths of anywhere from 15 to over 55 million people due to famine and violence.
What is the Great Leap Forward?
400
In 1953, the CIA and MI6 led a coup against this prime minister of Iran and set up the Shah as the main power in Iran due to his attempt to nationalize the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, now called British Petroleum (BP).
Who is Mohammad Mosaddegh?
400
This movement began during World War II and continued until the United Kingdom promised to let go of one the colony it began in. It involved hunger strikes and nonviolent resistance.
What is the Quit India Movement?
400
This was the last conference between The Big Three where the borders of East and West Germany were finalized.
What is the Potsdam Conference?
500
This man advocated for Pan-Africanism and even advocated for a "United States of Africa" that would unite the continent and be better able to resist neocolonialism. He became the first president of Ghana after it achieved independence.
Who is Kwame Nkrumah?
500
This 1968 uprising in Czechoslovakia was brutally put down by the Warsaw Pact with tanks and troops.
What is the Prague Spring?
500
This Egyptian president deftly played both sides of the Cold War off each other during the Suez Crisis in order to retain control of the Suez Canal.
Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser?
500
This group in Algeria fought the French for independence from 1954 to 1962.
What is the FLN / Front de Liberation Nationale / National Liberation Front?
500
In a famous speech, Winston Churchill referred to this concept having "descended across" Eastern Europe.
What is the Iron Curtain?