Lapsen/NLEC Exam

History of CJ

100

Known as the first written code of law, it was based upon the theory of "an eye for an eye"

Code of Hammurabi

200

This was the first code of law that applied to everyone regardless of caste or title. 

Napoleonic Code

300

This gentlemen was known for police reform, and his theory that the police are citizens first.

Sir Robert Peel

400

This gentlemen had a lot of firsts in the United States:

First crime lab

First Motorcycle Patrol

First Radio System

August Vollmer

500

Our court system based upon the idea that standing precedents should rule comes from:

English Common Law

Court Proceedings

100

The stage where the defendant is read the charges against them and makes a plea of guilty or not guilty

Arraignment

200

A jury that is held in secret that only hears the case and decides if there is probable cause to send it to trial

Grand Jury

300

The act of jury selection

Voir Dire

400

Stage of the trial where the judge hands down a decision on punishment

Sentencing 

500

The standard of certainty a jury must reach to render a guilty verdict

Beyond a reasonable doubt

Traffic Stops

100

On a traffic stop it is safer for an officer to approach on which side of the vehicle

Passenger Side

200

A field sobriety test, where the eyes are tested for involuntary jerking

Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus

300

True or False: An officer may enforce traffic laws on private property

True

400

An officer releases a suspected violator by allowing them to sign a ticket and promise to appear in court.  What is this type of release called

Own Recognizance

500

The first acts of an officer upon a traffic crash should to be check all persons for 

Injuries

Crime Scenes

100

This theory states that all items transfer material when they touch

Locard's Theory of Transference. 

200

The act of securing a crime scene should begin with

Physically marking the scene with barrier tape

300

A fingerprint that can not be seen with out developing is known as a __________ print

Latent

400

These types of evidence are generally found as small fibers from clothing, paint chips/transfer, shoe prints, etc

Trace Evidence

500

Evidence that is found illegally may be suppressed by the court under this rule

Exclusionary Rule

Odds and Ends

100

The Fifth Amendment grants us the right to 

be free of self incrimination

200

The fourth amendment protects the public from 

Illegal Search and Seizure

300

An officer sees a suspicious subject looking in store windows late at night. The suspect has a heavy coat on while it is warm outside and is carrying a large bag.  What court ruling gives an officer the right to briefly detain the suspect and ask them questions

Terry v Ohio

400

This court case states that use of force is legal as long as it reasonable from an unrelated officers perspective

Graham v Conner 

500

The act of verbally attempting to calm down an incident to avoid an escalating use of force. 

De-Escalation