Microscopes
This type of microscopy uses visible light and glass lenses.
What is light microscopy?
This monosaccharide, with formula C6H12O6, is the primary energy source for cells.
What is glucose?
Unlike carbohydrates, lipids are not considered this type of macromolecule.
What are polymers?
The monomer of proteins is called this.
What is an amino acid?
DNA stores genetic information, while this nucleic acid helps access and use it.
What is RNA?
The limit of resolution for light microscopy is about this many micrometers.
What is 1 micrometer?
Name the disaccharide formed from glucose + fructose.
What is sucrose?
Saturated fatty acids form straight chains and are usually in this physical state at room temperature.
What are solid fats?
The linear sequence of amino acids is known as this level of protein structure.
What is primary structure?
The monomer of nucleic acids is called a ________.
What is a nucleotide?
Transmission electron microscopes can magnify up to this level.
What is 100,000x?
Plants store glucose in this polysaccharide, found in plastids like chloroplasts.
What is starch?
These amphipathic molecules form the bilayer of cell membranes.
What are phospholipids?
Alpha helices and beta sheets are examples of this structural level.
What is secondary structure?
Purines include adenine and guanine. Name the three pyrimidines.
What are cytosine, thymine, and uracil?
Heavy metals like gold and platinum are used in electron microscopy to increase this property.
What is contrast?
This structural polysaccharide makes up plant cell walls.
What is cellulose?
Name the sterol found in fungi and protozoa that is analogous to cholesterol in animals.
What is ergosterol?
The association of two or more polypeptides forms this level of protein structure.
What is quaternary structure?
In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine via these weak bonds.
What are hydrogen bonds?
In cell fractionation, centrifugation separates cell components into a pellet and this liquid fraction.
What is the supernatant?
Arthropods and fungi use this modified glucose polymer for exoskeletons and cell walls.
What is chitin?
This lipid type is essential for maintaining membrane fluidity in animal cells, preventing membranes from becoming too rigid or too fluid.
What is cholesterol?
Disulfide bridges form between two of these amino acids.
What is cysteine?
In DNA replication can only happen in this direction.
What is the 5′ to 3′ direction?