Stenosis and PFTs
The most common etiology of laryngotracheal stenosis.
What is iatrogenic?
The most common cause of unilateral vocal cord paralysis in adults and children.
What is iatrogenic injury?
This voice disorder is worse during tasks loaded with voiced consonants or vowels- "We eat eggs every easter".
What is Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia?
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is most commonly caused by which two subtypes of HPV?
What are HPV subtypes 6 and 11?
The most commonly affected site for laryngeal sarcoid.
What is the supraglottis?
Autoimmune vasculitis that commonly affects the subglottis.
What is granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
This nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle.
What is the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?
The degree of lateral excursion of the vibratory edge from the midline during phonation on stroboscopy.
What is amplitude?
First-line treatment of vocal fold injury from misuse, overuse, or vocal abuse.
What is speech pathology treatment?
This type of Muscle Tension Dysphonia is characterized by plica ventricularis (false vocal fold approximation).
What is type II MTD?
71-99% lumen obstruction represents this Grade of stenosis on the Cotton-Myer Grading System.
What is Grade 3?
The most common etiology of bilateral vocal fold paralysis in children.
What is a neurologic condition?
The mucosal wave on videostroboscopy has these two components.
What are vertical and horizontal components?
The cover-body model describes these layers as components of the "cover".
What are the epithelium and superficial layer of the lamina propria?
The effect of bilateral or unilateral vocal cord paralysis on the flow-volume loop.
What is flattening of the inspiratory portion of the flow-volume loop (variable extrathoracic obstruction)?
This lung capacity measured on spirometry represents the total air exhaled after maximum inhalation.
What is vital capacity?
Left VF Paralysis due to extrinsic compression of the RLN from a cardiovascular abnormality.
What is Ortner's (Cardiovocal) syndrome?
The degree to which sequential or serial vibrations of the vocal folds are similar to one another on stroboscopy.
What is periodicity?
The air-filled variant of the saccular cyst.
What is a laryngocele?
What is 13?
A fixed airway obstruction causes this effect on the flow volume loop on spirometry.
What is flattening of both the inspiratory and expiratory limbs?
Fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves are indications of this on LEMG.
What is denervation/unlikely recovery of the nerve?
The normal fundamental frequency of men vs. women.
What is 100-125 Hz for men and 200-250 Hz for women?
Laryngeal examination reveals pale, watery bags of fluid attached to the superior surface and margins of the vocal folds in a patient who presents with complaints of a hoarse voice and smokes 2ppd.
What is Reinke edema/diffuse polyposis?
A Non-recurrent laryngeal nerve is associated with this vascular anomaly.
What is a retroesophageal subclavian artery?