Life in the Middle Ages
Peasants were not allowed to do this on the Lord's land.
Hunt
When the squire is tapped on the shoulders or neck with a sword or hand to be declared a knight, this is called _____.
Dubbing
Who did the Magna Carta benefit?
Everyone in England! Not just the rich.
(It also influenced society, human rights, religion and politics in both England and America)
lana, seta, lino, pelliccia
lana : wool
seta: silk
lino: linen
pelliccia: fur
In which document did England impose a trading standard for weights and measures?
The Magna Carta
Poor people wore clothes made out of wool and dark colors like brown or grey. In contrast, rich people wore clothes made out of these materials.
Colorful linens and silks
To become a knight, a noble boy would start as a _____, learning about horses, hunting, and using mock weapons.
Once he was about 14, he became a ______, learning to use real weapons and studying chivalry.
2. Squire
What was King John's nickname?
Why did he have that nickname?
1. John Lackland
2. He lost many lands in Normandy because of failed military operations.
raccolta, orzo, grano, avena
crop: raccolta
orzo: barley
grano: wheat
avena: oats
What are some specific things that rich people ate regularly that peasants did not in the Middle Ages?
Meat (mutton and beef) and white bread
What ages did nobles boys and girls get married?
Who decided who they would get married to?
1. Girls, 12 years old. Boys, 14 years old
2. Their parents
What did the squire do the day before he would become a knight?
He took a good bath and kept a church vigil (prayed) all night.
Why were the Barons and citizens unhappy with King John after the military losses?
He imposed a tax on them to pay for the lost wars without consulting the Barons. This was against the rules in England at that time.
tunica, mantello, scudo, cintura, spada
Tunic: tunica
Cloak: mantello
Shield: scudo
Belt: cintura
Spada: sword
Once a woman became a wife, how was she considered by society?
She was considered the property of her husband.
He could divorce her, but she could not divorce him.
Apart from the wealthy, not many people went to school during the Middle Ages. Peasants learned their jobs and basic life skills from their parents. However, the first universities opened during the Middle Ages.
Which is the oldest university in the world?
University of Bologna, established in 1088
1. A sword with two cutting edges
2. A shield
3. A banner with his family coat of arms
4. A horse
What did the Barons do at Windsor?
What did the Barons present at Runnymede?
1. They dressed in full armor and forced King John to agree to a meeting at Runnymede.
2. They presented the Magna Carta and forced King John to sign it.
misericordia, umilta, sacrificio, fedelta, gentilezza
Mercy: misericordia
Humility: umilta
Sacrifice: sacrificio
Faithfulness: fedelta
Graciousness: gentilezza
Before the Magna Carta was established, the King himself would decide on punishments for citizens who broke the law.
After the Magna Carta was established, every citizen had the right to a ______.
Fair trial
Starting with the king, what was the hierarchy of social classes during the Middle Ages?
(There are six levels)
1. King
2. Nobles
3. Knights
4. Clergy
5. Tradesmen
6. Peasants
During the dubbing ceremony, a knight-to-be wore a white tunic with a white belt, black or brown stockings, and a scarlet cloak.
What did each of these colors represent?
What did the two cutting edges of his sword represent?
White: Purity
Black/Brown: Earth
Scarlet: Blood
Two cutting edges of the sword: Justice & Chivalry
Only four copies of the original Magna Carta survived.
Where can we find those copies of the Magna Carta today?
1. Two at the British Library in London
2. One at the Lincoln Castle
3. One at the Salisbury Cathedral
bordo tagliente, il banchetto, stemma/blasone, stendardo, cavalleria
Cutting edge: bordo tagliente
Feast: il banchetto
Coat of Arms: stemma / blasone
Banner: stendardo
Chivalry: Cavalleria
What were the themes of the chivalry code?
(These were the behaviors that the knights were expected to demonstrate, called a code of conduct. There are 7.)
Name at least 3
1. Mercy
2. Humility
3. Honor
4. Sacrifice
5. Faithfulness
6. Courage
7. Graciousness