Psychological
Disorders
Disorders
View of mental illness where behaving oddly, hearing voices, or talking to oneself was attributed to evil spirits manifesting the body during the middle ages.
Demonic model
Which psychological approach explains how major depressive disorder arises?
Biopsychosocial approach
Psychodynamic therapies and humanistic therapies
Therapy technique that involves exposing a client to increasingly anxiety-producing stimuli or situations while having the client relax at the same time.
Systematic desensitization
Used to treat panic and other anxiety disorders. These drugs work by inhibiting action of enzymes that metabolize norepinephrine and serotonin and inhibits dopamine.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO)
Paula is an 11-year old child who seems to have a short attention span in school and is easily distracted during class. Additionally, she tends to be hyper and cannot sit still for long periods of time.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
This model says that depression is caused by a lack of positive reinforcers in the environment.
Behavioral model
Mary has two conflicting aspects of her personality. Her therapist has her create a dialogue between the two personalities to come to an understanding. Name the type of therapy and the technique.
Gestalt therapy; two-chair technique
Treatment that involves administering a strong electrical current to the client's brain to produce a seizure; effective in some cases of severe depression.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Used to treat eating disorders, OCD, and social phobia. These drugs selectively inhibit reuptake of serotonin.
SSRIs
John suffers from paranoia. He sometimes hears, sees, smells, and feels things than no one else does. At times, he has confused thoughts and disorganized speech.
Schizophrenia
Alyssa is afraid of bridges and tunnels. She cannot cross a bridge or travel through a tunnel without having a panic attack.
Specific phobia
This type of therapy was introduced by ____________ and focused on empathizing with the client and accepting the client for who they are. Name the type of therapy.
Carl Rogers; Person-Centered Therapy
A technique in which the patient says whatever comes to mind or has an unrestricted expression of thoughts. It is intended to make unconscious contents conscious.
Free association
Used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar, clinical depression, and sometimes autism. Blocks activity of serotonin and/or dopamine and affects norepinephrine and acetylcholine. Can also moderate or stabilize dopamine and serotonin receptors.
Serotonin-dopamine antagonists; atypical antipsychotics; second generation antipsychotics.
At times, Darius can become confused and suffer from loss of memory about his identity. As a result, he frequently makes sudden unplanned trips away from home.
Dissociative fugue
Bridget suffers from mood swings that can either be at an extreme high where she is overjoyed and highly energetic or extreme lows where she is depressed and can sleep for days.
Bipolar disorder
A client is diagnosed with depression. The therapist works with the client to explore how reactions to present-day events may be influenced by past events from their childhood.
Psychodynamic therapy
Type of treatment that includes a group of individuals who come together to talk about things of common interest. An example is AA
Self-help groups
Used to treat narcolepsy, major depressive disorder, binge eating disorder. Release or reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in fontal regions of the brain where attention and behavior are regulated.
Psychostimulants
Regina is a senior in high school. She frequently spreads rumors by e-mail and gossips about other people in school. If she doesn't like someone, she will be sure to damage their relationships and social status.
Relational aggression
Kevin has a fear of the physiological responses of his anxiety. He misinterprets the cause of his irregular breathing and heart palpitations and thinks he is going to have a heart attack. However, these symptoms are solely due to his anxiety.
Anxiety sensitivity
Katelyn is giving her first presentation ever at work today. When she is in front of the audience she gets nervous and goes blank because she feels she is not capable of giving the presentation. According to this type of therapy, facing the audience is the ____________, feeling like she is not capable of giving the presentation is the ___________, and getting nervous and going blank is the _______________.
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Activating event, belief, consequence
This focus of therapy is on how you are thinking, behaving, and communicating; therapist assists the patient in identifying specific distortions and biases in thinking and provides guidance on how to change this thinking
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Used to treat bipolar disorder by increasing levels of GABA and inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake.
Anticonvulsant medications