Motion
Which of the following units is used to measure speed? A. Newtons per second (N/s)
B. Kilograms per metre (kg/m)
C. Metres per second (m/s)
D. Joules per hour (J/h)
C. Metres per second (m/s)
Which of the following is the unit of force?
A. Joule (J)
B. Watt (W)
C. Newton (N)
D. Pascal (Pa)
C. Newton (N)
Which of the following is the most basic unit of life?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. System
C. Cell
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
A. Proton
B. Neutron
C. Electron
D. Nucleon
C. Electron
Which part of an animal cell controls the cell's activities and contains genetic material?
A. Nucleus
B. Cell membrane
C. Cytoplasm
D. Mitochondrion
A. Nucleus
In which state of matter do particles have the most kinetic energy and are farthest apart?
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. Plasma
C. Gas
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be:
A. Transferred or stored.
B. Created or destroyed.
C. Used or transformed.
D. Gained or lost.
B. Created or destroyed.
Which of the following is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein?
A. Chromosome
B. Allele
C. Gene
D. Trait
C. Gene
A car travels a distance of 120 km in 2 hours. What is its average speed?
A. 30 km/h
B. 60 km/h
C. 120 km/h
D. 240 km/h
B. 60 km/h
If an object has a mass of 5 kg and is accelerating at 3 m/s², what is the net force acting on it?
A. 1.67 N
B. 5 N
C. 8 N
D. 15 N
D. 15 N
Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?
A. The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane.
B. The active movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration.
C. The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
D. The movement of dissolved substances against a concentration gradient.
C. The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
The atomic number of an element is defined by the number of:
A. Neutrons in the nucleus.
B. Protons in the nucleus.
C. Electrons in the outer shell.
D. Protons and neutrons combined.
B. Protons in the nucleus.
Which of the following is a key difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?
A. Plant cells have a cell membrane, animal cells do not.
B. Plant cells have chloroplasts, animal cells do not.
C. Animal cells have a permanent vacuole, plant cells do not.
D. Animal cells have a cell wall, plant cells do not.
B. Plant cells have chloroplasts, animal cells do not.
Which separation technique would be best used to separate sand from water?
A. Distillation
B. Filtration
C. Evaporation
D. Chromatography
B. Filtration
When a light bulb is switched on, electrical energy is primarily transformed into which two forms of energy? A. Chemical and kinetic energy.
B. Sound and potential energy.
C. Light and thermal (heat) energy.
D. Nuclear and elastic energy.
C. Light and thermal (heat) energy.
If a person's genotype for a specific trait is 'Rr', what term describes this genotype?
A. Homozygous dominant
B. Homozygous recessive
C. Heterozygous
D. Pure-breeding
C. Heterozygous
Which of the following graphs represents an object moving at a constant velocity?
A. A distance-time graph with a curved line.
B. A velocity-time graph with a horizontal line above the x-axis.
C. A distance-time graph with a horizontal line.
D. A velocity-time graph with a line sloping upwards.
B. A velocity-time graph with a horizontal line above the x-axis.
Which of Newton's Laws of Motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
A. Newton's First Law
B. Newton's Second Law
C. Newton's Third Law
D. Law of Conservation of Momentum
C. Newton's Third Law
Which organelle is responsible for releasing energy through aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Chloroplast
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondrion
D. Mitochondrion
Which of the following elements is in the same group as Sodium (Na) in the Periodic Table?
A. Magnesium (Mg)
B. Lithium (Li)
C. Calcium (Ca)
D. Aluminium (Al)
B. Lithium (Li)
Which specialized cell is adapted for rapid communication by transmitting electrical signals?
A. Red blood cell
B. Root hair cell
C. Nerve cell (neuron)
D. Muscle cell
C. Nerve cell (neuron)
When a solid turns directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state, this process is called:
A. Melting
B. Evaporation
C. Condensation
D. Sublimation
D. Sublimation
A roller coaster car is at the top of a tall hill. At this point, it has maximum:
A. Kinetic energy.
B. Thermal energy.
C. Chemical energy
D. Gravitational potential energy
D. Gravitational potential energy
In a monohybrid cross, if both parents are heterozygous (e.g., Aa x Aa), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive traits in their offspring?
A. 1:1
B. 3:1
C. 2:1
D. 1:2:1
B. 3:1
An object accelerates uniformly from rest to 20 m/s in 5 seconds. What is its acceleration?
A. 2 m/s²
B. 4 m/s²
C. 5 m/s²
D. 10 m/s²
B. 4 m/s²
An object is in equilibrium. Which of the following statements about the forces acting on it is true?
A. There are no forces acting on the object.
B. The resultant force on the object is zero.
C. All forces acting on it are balanced, but it must be stationary.
D. The object is accelerating at a constant rate.
B. The resultant force on the object is zero.
Which of the following adaptations is least likely to be found in a specialised exchange surface, such as the alveoli in lungs or villi in the small intestine?
A. Large surface area.
B. Thick exchange surface.
C. Good blood supply.
D. Moist surface.
B. Thick exchange surface.
An atom has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. What is its mass number?
A. 17
B. 18
C. 34
D. 35
D. 35
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in:
A. Four genetically identical daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes.
B. Two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
C. Four genetically different daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes.
D. Two genetically different daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes.
B. Two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Which method would be most effective for separating a mixture of ethanol (boiling point 78°C) and water (boiling point 100°C)?
A. Simple distillation
B. Fractional distillation
C. Chromatography
D. Evaporation
B. Fractional distillation
A pendulum swings. At the lowest point of its swing, which form of energy is at its maximum?
A. Gravitational potential energy.
B. Kinetic energy.
C. Elastic potential energy.
D. Chemical potential energy.
B. Kinetic energy.
A woman who is a carrier (but does not have) a recessive X-linked disorder (e.g., colour blindness) marries a man who does not have the disorder. What is the probability that their son will be a carrier of the disorder?
A. 25%
B. 0%
C. 100%
D. 50%
D. 50%
A velocity-time graph shows an object with an initial velocity of 10 m/s. The velocity then decreases steadily to 0 m/s over 4 seconds. What is the total distance travelled by the object during this 4-second period?
A. 10 m
B. 20 m
C. 30 m
D. 40 m
B. 20 m
A skydiver jumps from a plane. Initially, their acceleration is approximately 'g'. As they fall, their acceleration decreases. What causes this decrease in acceleration?
A. An increase in gravitational force.
B. A decrease in their weight.
C. An increase in air resistance.
D. A decrease in their mass.
C. An increase in air resistance.
Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from an area of:
A. High solute concentration to low solute concentration.
B. Low water potential to high water potential.
C. High water potential to low water potential.
D. High temperature to low temperature.
C. High water potential to low water potential.
Which of the following statements correctly describes a trend observed when moving down Group 7 (halogens) of the Periodic Table?
A. Reactivity increases.
B. Boiling point decreases.
C. Electronegativity increases.
D. Melting point increases.
D. Melting point increases.
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for coordinating movement, balance, and posture?
A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebellum
D. Hypothalamus
C. Cerebellum
Why do gases exert pressure on the walls of their container?
A. Gas particles are attracted to each other and stick to the walls.
B. Gas particles lose energy when they collide with the walls.
C. Gas particles continuously collide with the container walls, exerting a force.
D. Gas particles expand to fill the container, creating pressure.
C. Gas particles continuously collide with the container walls, exerting a force.
A 10 kg object falls from a height of 5 m. Assuming all its potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, calculate its speed just before it hits the ground. (Take g = 10 N/kg).
A. 5 m/s
B. 10 m/s
C. 50 m/s
D. 100 m/s
B. 10 m/s
Polygenic inheritance is best described as:
A. Traits controlled by multiple genes, often with environmental influence.
B. Traits controlled by genes located on the same chromosome.
C. A single gene affecting multiple phenotypic traits.
D. The expression of both alleles in a heterozygote.
A. Traits controlled by multiple genes, often with environmental influence.