Cell Structures
Genetics
Evolution
Human Impact
Cell Processes
100
Nucleus
Directs cell activities and stores DNA which carries genetic instructions.
100
Genetic Engeering
Changing an organism’s DNA to give it new traits or abilities for the benefit of humans. 
100
Natural Selection
Process where organisms with helpful traits survive and reproduce more successfully over time.
100
Pollution
Harmful substances released into air, water, or land by human activity.
100
Photosynthesis
Process where plants use sunlight to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
200
Mitochondria
Converts food into usable energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
200
Selective Breeding
Choosing organisms with desired traits to reproduce and pass them on.
200
Adaptation
A trait that helps an organism survive better in its environment.
200
Deforestation
Large-scale removal of forests, often for farming, housing, or industry.
200
Cellular Respiration
Process where cells break down glucose to release ATP for life functions.
300
Ribosome
Builds proteins by assembling amino acids based on genetic code instructions.
300
Cloning
Making an exact genetic copy of an organism, cell, or gene.
300
Selecting Agent
Environmental factor that influences which traits help organisms survive and reproduce.
300
Global Warming
Rise in Earth’s temperature caused by greenhouse gases (CO2) from human actions.
300
Diffusion
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without using energy.
400
Receptors
Proteins on the surface of a cell that bind to specific hormones and facilitate a response.
400
Gel electrophoresis
Lab method that separates DNA fragments by size using electric current.
400
Fossil record
Collection of fossils showing how life has changed over time.
400
Nonrenewable resources
Natural materials that cannot be quickly replaced once they are used.
400
Osmosis
Diffusion of water across a membrane from high to low concentration.
500
Cell Membrane
Outer boundary that controls movement of materials into and out of cell.
500
Mutation
A change in DNA that may affect how an organism looks or functions. Caused by UV radiation or chemicals.
500
Extinction
When an organism does not have sufficient adaptive characteristics within its environment and all members die off.
500
Renewable resources
Natural materials that can be replaced naturally and used again.
500
Mitosis
Cell division in body cells that produces two identical cells for growth or repair.
