Rise of Monarchies
During the Early Middle Ages, these two groups often had as much or more power than monarchs.
Who are nobles and the Church?
This legal system created under Henry II applied equally to all people in England.
What is common law?
This deadly disease killed about one-third of Europe’s population in the 1300s.
What is the Black Death (Bubonic Plague)?
These were religious wars fought over control of this holy city.
What is Jerusalem?
This term refers to the Christian effort to retake Spain from Muslim rule.
What is the Reconquista?
Monarchs strengthened power by weakening this system of local lord-based justice.
What is feudal justice?
This system used groups of citizens to determine guilt or innocence in court cases.
What is the jury system?
The disease spread from fleas to these animals and then to humans.
What are rats?
This pope called for the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont in 1095.
Who is Pope Urban II?
This 1492 event marked the completion of the Reconquista.
What is the expulsion of Muslims from Spain?
This Norman ruler created a census of England to improve taxation and control.
Who is William the Conqueror?
This English king angered nobles with high taxes and was forced to sign a key document.
Who is King John?
This major trade network helped spread the plague from Asia to Europe.
What is the Silk Road?
One major motivation for Crusaders was the promise of this spiritual reward.
What is forgiveness of sins (or salvation)?
This royal couple unified Spain through marriage in 1469.
Who are Ferdinand and Isabella?
This document listed land, property, and resources across England to help monarchs govern.
What is the Domesday Book?
This 1215 document limited the power of the king and protected certain rights.
What is the Magna Carta?
The commonly-held theory regarding the anatomy of human bodies during this era.
What is the Humoral Theory?
This Muslim leader successfully retook Jerusalem in 1187.
Who is Saladin (Salah al-Din)?
This institution aimed to identify and punish heretics in Spain.
What is the Spanish Inquisition?
The Magna Carta established The Great Council of Lords & Clergy, which became to be known as
What is Parliament?
This principle from the Magna Carta states that no one can be jailed without being formally charged.
What is habeas corpus?
The Latin name for the plague-causing bacteria responsible for this pandemic.
Yersinia Pestis
This man traveled through China following the Crusades, and detailed his travel for Europeans.
Who is Marco Polo?
Prior to being called "Spain," this Muslim country was called what?
al-Andalus