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Ancient Kingdoms
Colonialism
Classism
Dates
Important Icons/People
100
The 3 major civilizations, their general locations and peak of civilization
What are the Aztecs (north of Mexico, peak 1300-1500), Incas (Middle of Mexico, 250-900), Maya (modern-day Chile, peak 1430-1530)
100
haciendas
What are large plantations for the Encomienda system, homes of peninsulares, best land, where slaves worked?
100
Peninsulares
What is the highest class, conquistadors and people born in Spain. The creoles envy them.
100
Spanish Colonialism vs. African Colonialism
What is the 1500s
100
Pancho Villa
What is a revolutionary leader that teamed up with Madero and Emilio Zapata to give natives back land rights?
200
Extremely religious, violent (ruled with fear). Conquistador Hernando Cortez tricked Moctezuma (leader). Spanish Conquest caused collapse of this civilization.
Who are the Aztecs?
200
Mercantilism
What is the goal of becoming as self sufficient/rich as possible, and having control of raw materials?
200
1.Mulattos, 2. slaves, 3. free blacks
What is lower class? 1. one African on Spanish parent 2. blacks from Africa and Natives 3. this one should be obvious
200
Death of Zapata
What is 1919
200
Highest class
What is creoles? (creoles became peninsulares)
300
Came up with calendar and had most advanced writing system. Very religious. Economy based on agriculture. Mysteriously disappeared in the 800s. (ALIENS?!?)
Who are the Mayans?
300
Conquistadors pros and cons: 1.Hernando Cortez, 2.Francisco Pizzaro, and 3.Christopher Columbus
What is... 1. Conquered Aztecs, brought Christianity to New World, enslaved 1000s (natives), greedy for gold, made profit for Spain, destroyed many Aztec artifacts/buildings 2. Conquered Inca. Discovered gold+shared riches, stole, refused return to Spain, first to see the New World from Pacific side 3. First to travel to America, founded first European settlements, America national exchange, brought disease to New World, oppressed natives, greedy for gold
300
Creoles
Who are people born in Latin America w/Spanish descent that are jealous of the peninsulares?
300
Independence movements and and Independence revolution
What is the 1800s (movements) and 1821 (revolution)
300
Emilio Zapata
What is a revolutionary leader that teamed up with Madero and Pancho Villa to give natives back land rights who was killed in 1916 by gen. Pablo Gonzalez?
400
Oral tradition, no writing system. Standing. powerful army of 40,000. Religious. Coca leaves. Pretty nice people- offered surrender before attacks. Fell when Pizarro killed Atahualpa after he offered to fill room with gold and twice in silver.
Who are the Incas?
400
Abolishing of slavery
What is Bartolome de Las Casas who hated the ecomienda system writing a detailed report and went to Spain to give to the king, who created new laws in 1542 banning slavery and reforming the system.
400
Mestizos
What is the middle class, one native one non-native parent?
400
Monroe Doctrine
What is 1823
400
Miguel Hidalgo
Who is the leader "Barefoot Revolution", a creole priest who wanted a U.S. government
500
Important places in Inca civilization
What is Cuzco: heart of Inca empire? What is Macchu Picchu: "manly peak", a self-contained city 800ft above sea level. Possible purpose-astronomical observatory, home of ruling class, royal estate/religious retreat. Fall caused by war b/w 2 tribes, priest defiled women, ravaged by plague
500
2 ways to increase wealth through mercantilism
What is 1. obtain as much gold/silver as possible and 2. create favorable balance of trade. Sell more goods than buy
500
1. class most revolutionists part of. 2. class(es) of followers
What is... 1. Creoles 2. Mestizos, mulattos, slaves/natives
500
Social Revolution
What is 1910-1920
500
1.Porifirio Diaz vs. 2. Francisco Madero vs. 3.General Victoriano Huerta vs. 4. Caranza
Who are... 1. Creole dictator, terrorized people who didn't support him, modernized Mexico, 95% of pop. did not own land 2. Madero runs against Diaz and gets him arrested, but he was unprepared and id not give land as promised 3. Madero overthrown by Huerta (Feb. 1913). Not a rev. leader but conspires w/Diaz's nephew to gain power in name of Diaz. Coo! Madero thought Gen. was going to protect him 4. Huerta overthrown by dictator Caranza. He appeals to the masses. Sends gen. Pablo Gonzalez to kill Zapata. Employed scorch earth policy=executing all those who supported Zapata