Pre-Contact
This empire was the bastion of the region presently called Mexico before conquest by conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés.
The Mexica-Aztec
This man was the final emperor of the Inca, before dying in the midst of smallpox wrought by the Conquistadors.
Atahualpa.
First invented in colonially occupied Mexico, this chemical process of silver ore extraction involved the mass exploitation of forced labourers in mines.
What is the Patio process?
This investigative body, independent of the Spanish state itself, exercised authority in both Spain and its colonies in the persecution of Jews, Muslims, and recalcitrant Indigenous peoples.
What is the Spanish Inquisition ?
This proclamation by the Papacy demarcated the Atlantic and Brazil on one hand and the rest of Latin America on the other between Portugal and Spain.
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
These men were the running couriers of the Inca empire, emblematic of a complex series of military and trade routes.
What is a Chasquis?
An Indigenous Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast, her cooperation with the Spanish in the conquest of the Aztecs has been tokenised and leveraged in colonial historiographies for centuries.
Who is Malintzín?
An early tactic of colonisation in Mexico wherein conquistadors were granted virtual fiefdoms over plots of conquered land-- including enslaved peoples.
What were the Encomiendas?
In anticipation of the 1910 Mexican revolution, these two anarchists led a political agitprop paper "Regeneración," alongside spurring efforts to topple the present dictator.
Who were the Magón Brothers?
The system of moving goods through which the colonial state manufactured artificial scarcity and the importation of goods.
What is the flota system?
The third major group known to inhabit central Mexico
The Chichimecs
The final ruler of Central Mexico, this figure would, like his Inka counterpart, be leveraged as a propogandised figure for centuries,
Who is Moctezuma?
The military dictator of Mexico from 28 November 1876 to 6 December 1876.
Who is Porfirio Díaz?
These series of invasions are most notably associated with the 1855 attempted conquest of Guatamala by the American mercenary William Walker, but connote the long period of American coups on the continent
What are the Filibuster wars?
This process of conquest and military occupation of the Iberian Peninsula was considered a pivotal moment in Spanish state formation replicated in the "Americas."
What is the Reconquista?
A Mesoamerican farming tactic involving rotation crops, semi-sedentary site rotation, and slash and burn tactics.
What is is the Milpas?
Called the "Night of Sorrows" for its signifying the final day before the subjugation of Tenochtitlan.
Aside from Emiliano Zapata, this man was a key figure in the 1910 revolution in Mexico, leading a proletarian-based insurgency in the north.
Who is Pancho Villa?
This religious sect and political movement blends Indigenous land based philosophies, Marxism, and Catholic theology to form a unique analysis of liberation as a decolonial struggle.
What is liberation theology?
This fourteen percent tax levied by the Spanish state upon all goods in colonial territories helped maintain institutional hegemony.
What is the quinto?
A vertically organised systems of labour drafts employed by the Ikan empire.
What is the mita?
One of the only Black peoples to participate in the Conquista as a conquistador.
Who is Juan Garrido?
This Indigenous led insurgent group led an insurrection against the Mexican state in response to the signing of NAFTA that continues to this day.
Who are the Zapatistas?
This military dictator seized power on September 11th, 1973 in a US backed coup to overthrow Salvador Allende in Chile.
Who is Augusto Pinochet?
Although accredited as the great European explorer who mapped the African Coast, this figure never actually ventured outside Portugal in his lifetime.
Who is Henry the Navigator?