Identity
This label was created by a network of bureaucrats, ethnic activists, and media actors, motivated by strategic interests and desires to acquire more resources.
These are the two types of political participation, which can take place formally or informally.
Electoral and non-electoral
The turnout gap has in past elections affected this party’s level of success the most.
Democratic Party
Usually, about 2/3 of Latinos/x vote for the ____________ Party.
Democratic
This term refers to the voter’s identification with a political party.
Partisanship
This idea posits that being a member of a group causes institutions to see a person differently and present them with different opportunities. As a result, having common societal experiences can lead to coalition building
Group consciousness/Linked fate
We have learned about three determinants for political participation: mobilization, resources, and ____________ _____________.
psychological orientations
The turnout gap is likely to affect representational outcomes for this group the most.
Minorities
Demographic changes, fears and anxiety around competition for resources, and polarization of the two main parties on immigration issues, have led anglo-Americans people to defect to this party.
Republican Party
Partisanship is often referred to as _____________ because it is inherited early on, does not shift over time, and determines many political actions.
‘the unmoved mover’
These two types of attachment explain why Latinos perceive themselves as a community.
Attitudinal and instrumental
_________ promotes democratic legitimacy, substantive representation, and, empowerment.
Descriptive representation
Parties will mobilize the most likely voters, those who have voted in previous elections and who have more _________.
resources.
Within Latinos, ______________ , were the group that shifted the most from Clinton to Trump during the 2016 Presidential elections.
Conservative Latinos
This model explains that individuals make decisions on party affiliation based on strategic assessments on issue positions, party performance, and real-world events.
Rational choice model
According to Jones (2019) minority linked fate is a product of _________ status.
Racial status/racialization
The share of the Latinx population and ______________ that promote turnover explain increased descriptive representation for Latinx.
institutions /institutional arrangements (term limits, citizen legislatures, multi-member districts vs. single member)
Ultimately, the three determinants of electoral influence (group relevance, individual empowerment, and elite mobilzation) depend on this characteristic.
The size of the ethnic/racial group
One of the main explanations why Latinx people voted for Trump instead of Biden in the 2020 elections attributes this shift to the fact that _________ was not a salient issue for Latinos/x in general, but for those with restrictive views.
Immigration
According to this school of thought, early parental socialization leads to a strong attachment to a party- reflecting both in vote choices and policy preferences.
Michigan School
According to Jones-Correa’s two-dimension model based on the presence of a dominant group, we should expect to see more _________ than ________ among ethnic groups.
conflict, cooperation
Mobilizing structures such as loose networks of local groups, progressive labor unions, and the media build coalitional infrastructure during times of political opportunities or perceived threats. This explains mass Latino/x participation during the _______ _______.
2006 protests
_________ ___________ is a function of the four Is: Ideology, Information, Identity, Institutions.
Political incorporation
Latinx' relationship with the Republican Party started during this Administration and its clientelist program for Spanish-speaking entrepreneurs.
Nixon Administration
These two ethnic groups are more likely to be non-identifiers and express uncertainty and ambivalence about the available political parties in the U.S.
Latinx and Asian Americans