Case Facts
What crime was Ernesto Miranda accused of committing in Miranda v. Arizona?
Kidnapping and rape
Which amendment protects against self-incrimination?
The 5th Amendment
What was the Supreme Court’s decision in Miranda v. Arizona?
Police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning
Who was the defendant in Miranda v. Arizona?
Ernesto Miranda
What phrase became famous after Miranda v. Arizona?
“You have the right to remain silent.”
Where did Illinois v. Perkins take place?
Illinois
Which amendment guarantees the right to an attorney?
The 6th Amendment
What year was Miranda v. Arizona decided?
1966
Who was the defendant in Illinois v. Perkins?
Lloyd Perkins
What major change did police departments make after Miranda?
They began reading suspects their rights during arrests
What did police fail to do before questioning Miranda?
Inform him of his constitutional rights
What are the rights that police must read to suspects before interrogation called?
Miranda Rights
What year was Illinois v. Perkins decided?
1990
Who delivered the opinion of the Court in Miranda v. Arizona?
Chief Justice Earl Warren
How did the public react to the Miranda decision at first?
Mixed — some said it protected rights, others said it made police work harder
What crime did Perkins confess to while in jail?
Murder
What phrase begins the Miranda warning?
“You have the right to remain silent.”
How did the Supreme Court rule in Illinois v. Perkins?
Confession was admissible; Miranda doesn’t apply to undercover situations
Which justice wrote the opinion in Illinois v. Perkins?
Justice Anthony Kennedy
What did critics of Illinois v. Perkins argue?
That the decision weakened Miranda protections and encouraged trickery
What was unusual about the way police gathered Perkins’ confession?
The officer acted undercover and Perkins didn’t know he was talking to law enforcement
Why did the Court say Miranda warnings weren’t required in Illinois v. Perkins?
Because Perkins didn’t know he was speaking to a police officer — no coercion occurred
Which Chief Justice led the Court during Miranda v. Arizona?
Chief Justice Earl Warren
What was the name of the undercover officer in Illinois v. Perkins?
John Parisi
Overall, what balance did the Supreme Court try to maintain between both cases?
Protecting individual rights while allowing effective police investigations