Constitutional Rights
The amendment that protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures.
The fourth amendment
When a lawyer asks the other side’s witness questions during a trial
Cross Examination
When the judge gives everyone a break during trial
Recess
Outlines what each side believes; the evidence will show in a criminal trial
Opening Statement
When a witness shares information they have about a crime in the Grand Jury or during a trial or hearing
Testify
The amendment that defines citizenship
14th Amendment
Initiates charges in a criminal case
Prosecutor
If someone is found guilty of a crime, the judge decides what the defendant will have to do next and what the consequences will be.
Sentence
A type of crime for which someone can receive less serious consequences, such as going to jail for a shorter period of time (usually less than one year).
Misdemeanor
When a defendant agrees to an offer
Guilty Plea
How many amendments are there?
27 Amendments
A defendant might be put on this instead of going to jail.
Probation
Someone who saw, heard, or knows information about a crime
If a defendant doesn’t agree with the verdict in their case, they can appeal their case to a higher court to try to get a new trial.
Appeal
When police and the prosecutor gather evidence about a crime
Investigation
The amendment gives citizens the right to a speedy and public trial
Sixth Amendment
Initiates a complaint in a civil case
Plaintiff
A group of people from the community who the prosecutor presents evidence to so they can decide whether or not to charge the person with a crime.
Grand Jury
A type of crime for which someone can receive more serious consequences, such as going to prison for a longer period of time (usually more than one year).
Felony
The end of a case
Disposition
The amendment that protects against double jeopardy
Fifth
The standard of proof to find a defendant guilty in a criminal trial
Reasonable doubt
At the end of a trial, a defendant is either found guilty (they committed the crime) or not guilty (there is not enough evidence that they committed the crime), or the judge declares a mistrial.
Verdict
An order that the judge tells the defendant that they are not allowed to talk to or go near a victim or witness; go to their home, work or school; tell anyone else to talk to them; and/or do anything to hurt or scare them. If the defendant breaks these rules, it is called a violation and they can be arrested.
Protective Order
A paper from the judge ordering a witness to come to court to testify
Subpoena