Law Foundations
A legal code from ancient Babylon that required the accuser to prove guilt and had quite harsh penalties.
What is the Code of Hammurabi?
This source of law are those passed by Congress, state legislatures, or city councils.
What is statutory law?
Laws focused on public safety where the government prosecutes the accused.
What is criminal law?
This case established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review. (1803)
What is Marbury v. Madison?
The spoken warning police must give suspects about their legal rights.
What are the Miranda Rights?
A 1215 English document that limited the power of the king and influenced U.S. law.
What is the Magna Carta?
This source of law is probably the oldest source. A set of moral principles based on basic ideas of right and wrong.
What is natural law?
Laws that deal with disputes between private individuals or groups. A contract is usually being disputed in someway.
What is civil law?
This case ruled that enslaved people were property, not citizens. (1857)
What is Dredd Scott v. Sandford?
This Supreme Court case ruled that juveniles have due process rights.
What is In re Gault?
Identify the correct US Constitutional Amendment:
" right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed...and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence."
What is the 6th Amendment?
This is the source of law based on laws created from the decisions of judges in previous court cases, otherwise known as precedent.
What is case law?
Laws that apply only to active‑duty members of the armed forces.
What is military law?
This case declared that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. (1954)
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
This case showed that school officials can limit student speech in school‑sponsored activities.
What is Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier?
Identify this US Constitutional Amendment:
"nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, ..."
What is the 5th Amendment?
This source of law is the entire legal system built from traditions, customs, and past court decisions.
What is common law?
Laws that determine whether government actions are allowed under the Constitution.
What is constitutional law?
This case established the right to a lawyer for criminal defendants who cannot afford one. (1963)
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This case limited the president’s use of executive privilege.
What is US v. Nixon?
The principle, located in the 5th and 14th Amendment, that government must follow the law and respect individual rights.
Hint: No person shall be "deprived of life, liberty, or property, without...??"
What is due process of law?
The power of courts to decide whether a law violates the Constitution. This power was first on display during Marbury v. Madison (1803)
What is judicial review?
The body of law dealing with minors and focused on rehabilitation.
What is juvenile law?
This case required police to inform suspects of their rights before questioning. (1966)
What is Miranda v. Arizona?
The idea that no person, including the president, is above the law.
What is the Rule of Law?