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rights
trials
defenses
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100
  1. What are three specific rights guaranteed under the 6th Amendment, and how do those rights help make a trial fair?
  1. 6th Amendment guarantees the right to a speedy trial, a public trial, legal counsel, and the right to confront witnesses. These rights help give the accused a fair chance to defend themselves.
100

What is the first stage of a criminal trial?


Opening statements

100

If police violate your constitutional rights when collecting evidence, what may happen to that evidence in court?

It is excluded from the trial

100

what kind of objections might you raise if: 

1. The witness repeats what someone else said outside of court.

2. The lawyer keeps asking the same question again.

  1.  Hearsay
  2.  – Asked and Answered
100
  • What is the difference between a civil and a criminal burden of proof? Who has the burden in each?
  1. In criminal cases, the prosecution has the burden to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. In civil cases, the plaintiff must prove their case by a preponderance of the evidence (meaning it’s more likely than not).


200

What does the 4th Amendment protect you from, and why is that protection important in a criminal case

  1. 4th Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. This means police must have a warrant or legal justification to search someone’s property, which protects personal privacy and prevents unlawful evidence collection.
200

What happens at the final stage of a trial?

Sentencing

200
  1.  – Intoxication
  2. – Mistake of Law
  3.  – Self-defense
  4. – Plea/Procedural Defense

1. The defendant was too intoxicated to form intent, but only if the intoxication was involuntary.

2. The defendant believed the act was legal, but was wrong about the law itself.

3. The defendant was protecting themselves from immediate harm using reasonable force.

4. The trial or charges are unfair because the defendant’s rights were violated or a deal was made.


200

what kind of objections might you raise if: 

1. The witness repeats what someone else said outside of court.

2. The lawyer keeps asking the same question again.

  1. – Speculation
  2.  – Argumentative
200

If the prosecution does not meet the burden of proof, the defendant should be:

Found not guilty

300
  1. What does the 5th Amendment protect you from, and how does it help ensure fairness during an investigation or trial?
  1. 5th Amendment protects against self-incrimination and double jeopardy. It ensures people can’t be forced to confess or be tried twice for the same crime, which helps ensure fairness in investigations and trials.
300

put the 6 stages of a trial in order

  1. Opening statements
  2. Witness testimony
  3. Cross-examination
  4. Jury instructions
  5. Jury deliberation
  6. Sentencing
300

define these: 

  1.  – Duress
  2.  – Necessity
  3.  – Mistake of Fact
  4.  – Insanity
  5.  – Consent
  1. . 1. The defendant only committed the crime because someone threatened them with immediate harm.

    2. The defendant committed the act to avoid a greater danger (e.g., driving without a license to escape a fire).

    3. The defendant reasonably believed something was true that made them think the act wasn’t illegal.

    4. The defendant didn’t understand right from wrong due to a severe mental illness

    5. The victim voluntarily agreed to the act, which removes criminal liability in certain cases.

300

what kind of objections might you raise if: 

5. The question includes the answer within it.

6. The question or answer doesn’t relate to the case.

  1.  – Leading
  2. – Relevance
300

What is the purpose of sentencing guidelines, and why might two people convicted of the same crime receive different punishments

  1. Sentencing guidelines are rules that help judges decide punishments based on the crime and other factors like prior offenses or remorse. Because of these factors, two people convicted of the same crime might receive different sentences.
400
  1. What does the 7th Amendment guarantee, and why is this important in legal proceedings?
  1. 7th Amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases involving claims over money or property. This is important because it preserves the role of the jury in deciding factual disputes in important legal matters outside criminal law.
400

The “legal elements” of a crime are

The parts that must be proven to convict

400

Which of the following is a complete defense that could result in the person being found not guilty? 

a. Duress
B. Intoxication
C. Self-defense
D. Mistake of fact

self defense

400

what kind of objections might you raise if: 

7. The lawyer fails to establish background before asking the question.

8. The witness gives a personal belief or interpretation without expert qualification.

  1.  – Lack of Foundation
  2.  – Opinion
400
  1. Define the term legal elements in codified law. Give an example using any basic crime.
  1. Legal elements are the parts of a law that must be proven for someone to be convicted. For example, for theft: the person took property, it didn’t belong to them, and they intended to keep it.
500
  1. What does the 8th Amendment protect people from, and how does that affect what happens after someone is convicted?
  1. 8th Amendment protects against cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail or fines. This ensures that even after conviction, people are treated humanely and punishments are proportionate.



500

What is a sentencing guideline?

A recommendation based on the crime and other factors

500
  1. A defendant says they committed the crime because someone threatened to hurt their family if they didn’t.
  • What defense might apply?
  • Would this be a complete or partial defense?

Defense: Duress


    • This is a partial defense, meaning it may not result in full acquittal but could reduce the charge or sentence.
500

what kind of objections might you raise if: 

. The witness gives a long, unstructured answer or story instead of answering the question.

  1.  – Narrative
500
  1. A person is charged with burglary. What must the prosecution prove to meet the legal elements of the crime?

    1. The prosecution must prove:

    • The person unlawfully entered a building
    • With intent to commit a crime inside
    • Without permission