Law of conservation of matter
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
In a closed system, matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Total energy of the reactants must equal the total energy of the products.
How is Boyle's Law mathematically expressed?
P1V1=P2V2
How do you calculate the moles of a substance given the mass and molar mass?
Moles = mass/molar mass
Who discovered the radioactive element radium and polonium and was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry?
Marie Curie
How does the Law of Conservation of Matter apply to chemical reactions?
The total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products
How does the Law of Conservation of Energy apply to a burning candle?
The chemical energy stored in the wax is converted into heat and light energy during combustion, the energy within the system remains constant, only the form of energy changes.
How is Charles's Law mathematically expressed?
V1/T1=V2/T2
In a chemical reaction, 2 moles of hydrogen react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce water. If you have 4 moles of hydrogen, how many moles of oxygen are required?
mole ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:1 therefore there must be 2 moles of oxygen required.
Who created the equation for energy and also is represented by element 99 on the periodic table?
Einstein (Einsteinium)
Give a real life example that demonstrates the law of conservation of matter
things such as baking bread, cooking, and things like that
Give a real life example of the Law of Conservation of Energy
Charging your phone, turning a stove on, etc.
What does Boyle's Law state?
The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when the temperature and amount of gas are held constant
For the reaction 2H2+O2 yields 2H2O, if you have 5 moles of oxygen, how many moles of water can you produce?
10 moles of water
What is the last name of the person represented by the name of element 103
Lawrence
What happens to the total mass of a system when a chemical reaction occurs?
The mass stays constant throughout the reaction
Name 4 of the 8 forms of energy
Sound, Nuclear, Light, Electrical, Chemical, Thermal, Potential, Kinetic
What does Charles's Law state?
The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure and the amount of gas are constant
In a chemical reaction, if 10 grams of hydrogen gas react with excess oxygen to produce water, how many grams of water are produced?
90 grams of water produced
Who proposed the modern atomic model that shows the number of electrons in specific energy levels?
Bohr
Why is the Law of Conservation of Matter important in chemistry?
It allows scientists to predict and understand chemical reactions by ensuring that the mass stays constant throughout all processes involved.
How does the Law of Conservation of Energy apply to endothermic and exothermic reactions?
Both types of reactions follow the Law of Conservation of Energy, the total energy of the system (reactants + surroundings) remains constant before and after the reaction
What is the Ideal Gas Law and how does it unify Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, Avogadro's Law, and the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles?
Equation: PV=nRT
The Law unifies the fundamental relationships between the variables above for ideal gases.
A chemical reaction between sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) produces sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and water (H2O). If 25.0 mL of .5 moles of sulfuric acid reacts with excess sodium hydroxide, how many milliliters of 1 mole sodium hydroxide solution do you need?
H2SO4+2NaOH yields Na2SO4+2H2O
you need 25 mL of sodium hydroxide
Who created the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev