General Facts
What are the four main layers of the Earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core.
What percentage of the Earth's volume is made up of the core?
15%
The Earth's crust is the outermost layer of the Earth.
True
1. Which Earth layer has the highest density?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Outer core
d) Inner core
d) Inner core
Which is thicker, the continental crust or the oceanic crust?
The continental crust
What is the thickest layer of the Earth?
The mantle.
What is the primary composition of the Earth's crust?
Silicates and oxides
The inner core is made of liquid iron and nickel.
False (It’s solid iron and nickel.)
What separates the Earth's crust from the mantle?
a) Mohorovičić discontinuity
b) Core-mantle boundary
c) Lithospheric boundary
d) Asthenospheric boundary
a) Mohorovičić discontinuity
What is the semi-fluid part of the mantle that allows tectonic plates to move?
The asthenosphere
What percentage of the Earth's volume is the mantle?
Approximately 84%.
What process occurs in the Earth's mantle that drives plate tectonics?
Convection currents
The Earth's crust makes up more than half of the Earth’s total volume.
False (The crust is the thinnest layer, and the mantle makes up most of the volume.)
Which element makes up most of the Earth's core?
a) Oxygen
b) Silicon
c) Iron
d) Magnesium
c) Iron
What is the primary rock type found in the oceanic crust?
Basalt
What are the two types of Earth's crust?
Continental crust and oceanic crust.
How do scientists estimate the Earth's inner core temperature?
Seismic wave analysis
The asthenosphere is part of the Earth's crust.
False (It’s part of the upper mantle.)
How do seismic waves from earthquakes help scientists study the Earth's interior?
a) By measuring temperature
b) By analyzing wave velocities
c) By detecting magnetic fields
d) By tracking gravitational waves
b) By analyzing wave velocities
What is the name of the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle?
Mohorovičić Discontinuity (Moho)
What is the temperature range in the Earth’s inner core?
Around 5,000 to 7,000°C (9,000 to 13,000°F).
The Earth's core is as hot as the surface of the Sun, with temperatures reaching up to?
6,000°C (11,000°F).
The inner core rotates slightly slower than the rest of the Earth.
False (It rotates slightly faster.)
Which feature distinguishes the Earth's lithosphere from the asthenosphere?
a) Composition
b) Temperature
c) Viscosity
d) Density
c) Viscosity
What is the approximate depth of the boundary between the mantle and the outer core?
2,900 kilometers