The Early Church
What were the main persecution against early Christians?
Roman authorities
What was the religious/political role of the papacy in the Middle Ages?
Held religious authority and political
What corruption did Reformers seek to correct in the Medieval Catholic Church?
Buy forgiveness for their sins
What motivated increased missionary work in the 19th century?
What role did Patrick and other missionaries play in the early medieval church?
Boniface
Who were some key figures and writings in Early Christianity?
Paul, Peter, Gospel writers like Mark and Matthew
What impact did the Great Schism have between East and West?
Divided Christianity between Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism
Didn’t believe the Catholic Church had the power to pardon people sins
What impacts did Enlightenment though have on 18th century Christianity?
Challenged traditional beliefs, emphasized reason, individually
How did monasticism shape Christianity in the early Middle Ages?
Monasteries preserved learning and dominated religious life
What were the major early Church councils?
Councils of Nicaea, Constantinople, Chalcedon
What were the causes of the Crusades?
Retaking Holy Land
Why was the printing press significant for the Reformation?
Proliferated revolutionary the theological material at a popular level
How did 19th century liberal theology reinterpret Christian faith ?
Focused on reason, ethics, social justice
What was the impact of theological controversies like iconoclasm?
Led to division between eastern and western Christianity
What was the relationship between Church and state in the Roman Empire?
Closely intertwined
How did medieval theologians approach issues of faith and reason?
Based on a profound and explicit confidence in human intellectual capacity
What reform did the Catholic Counter-Reformation make?
Council of Trent
What factors led to increased secularization in the modern West?
Science, education, social change, questioning tradition beliefs
A term that means “common” or “well-known”
Vulgar
What challenged early Christian unity and theory?
Gnosticism and Arianism
How did the papacy’s political role shift from the early to high Middle Ages?
Papacy gained political influence gradually
How did politics influence the spread of Protestantism in Europe?
Rulers’ decisions, alliances drove Protestantism’s spread
What were some key evangelical movements in the 18th century?
First Great Awakening
What was the importance of monasteries in the Early Medieval Church period?
Preserved learning, spread Christianity and dominated religious life