Moral Perception
Habits of thought create habits of _______.
action
Constraints (almost) ALWAYS trump ______.
Consequences
A mean between deficiency and excess
"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; and that I will obey the _______ of the President of the United States and the orders of the officers appointed over me, according to regulations and the Uniform Code of Military Justice. So help me God.“
orders
In the High Road vs Low Road framework, the High Road involves:
Conforming your conduct to your principles.
The story of a community that explains who they are and how they ought to live
What is Cultural Narrative?
Explain the difference between Distributive and retributive justice.
Distributive concerns how benefits/burdens are shard
Retributive concerns moral emotions
Mission Command relies primarily on:
Subordinate initiative framed by guidance and intent
“I (name), do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and ________ ________ the duties of the office on which I am about to enter. So help me God."
faithfully discharge
What is most essential to Mission Command?
a. Trust up and down the organization
b. Strictly vertical communication only
c. Waiting for orders before acting
d. Minimizing junior leader initiative
A
The particular rules or standards of conduct governing the members of an organization.
What are Ethics?
Which three factors limit defensive rights?
Proportionality, Imminence, Necessity
Fill in the Hierarchy of loyalties
1.
2. Mission
3.
4.
5. Shipmate
6. Self
1. Constitution
2. Mission
3. Service
4. Ship or Command
5. Shipmate
6. Self
Explain Solomon Asch's experiment and the results.
People conform to a group consensus even when it's obviously wrong. Peer pressure has the ability to make people answer wrong.
Explain Stoicism
Virtue of self-control; stoics identify actions/ events within our control and those that aren't; Stoics are very concerned with how one chooses to think about events.
Name the 3 socialization strategy that can undermine moral perception
Cooptation
Incrementalization
Compromise
Name the Three Categories of Moral Responsibility
Natural Duties
Voluntary Obligations
Obligations of Solidarity
What is virtuous military obedience?
Obedience should include moral reflection on the order and the use of force
Explain in a few sentences what Milgram's experiment taught America.
People complied with authority even when they knew it was wrong, started with low voltage and slowly incremented, Authority figure in white coat was taking all responsibility so 2/3rd of the test complied.
What are the 4 Doctrine of Double Effect conditions?
Permissible
Unavoidable
Means
Proportionate
Name all six Rationalizations within an organization
Denial of responsibility
Denial of injury
Denial of victim
Social weighting
Appeal to higher loyalties
Metaphor of the ledger
List and give a brief description of Kant's tests used in moral deliberation.
Intuition Test: Am I treating this person that befits their equal dignity?
Universalization Test: Would my action be successful if everyone had the same plan of action?
Mere means test: Does my action treat another as a thing?
What three criteria does Kirkpatrick suggests that the marital virtue of courage requires.
1) A soldier must have a just cause
2) A soldier must have right intentions
3) Face risks for which they possess an understanding
Recite the Oath of Office
“I (name), do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to enter. So help me God."
Apply Kant's Categorical imperative to the "shut the hatch" scenario.
Intuition test -> Universal law -> mere means test