Lingo
The process of transmitting information from one person to another
Communication
is the process of sending a message in such a way that the message received is as close in meaning as possible to the message intended. A key element in effective communication is the distinction between data and information
Effective communication
Who encodes the message into the appropriate form?
Sender
consists of messages from subordinates to superiors.
Upward communication
often inhibits feedback and interchange and is usually more difficult and time consuming.
Written communication
occurs through memos, letters, reports, notes, and other circumstances in which the written word is used to transmit meaning
Written communication
begins when one person (the sender) wants to transmit a fact, idea, opinion, or other information to someone else (the receiver).
The communication process
The message is received by the receiver and
decoded
flows laterally within the organization; involves colleagues and peers at the same level of the organization; and may involve individuals from several different organizational units.
Horizontal communication
does not use words to carry meaning. It relies on facial expressions, body movements, physical contact, proximity between communicators, and gestures
Nonverbal communication
An approach to communication that involves the manager’s literally wandering around and having spontaneous conversations with others
Management by wandering around
are raw figures and facts reflecting a single aspect of reality
Data
which includes anything that disrupts the process, can occur anywhere along the communication path
Noise
Communication that flows up and down the organization, usually along formal reporting lines; takes place between managers and their superiors and subordinates and may involve several different levels of the organization
Vertical communication
takes place in face-to-face conversations, group discussions, telephone calls, and other circumstances in which the spoken word is used to express meaning
Oral communication
The process of sending a message in such a way that the message received is as close in meaning as possible to the message intended
Effective communication
is data presented in a way or form that has meaning
Information
What is transmitted to the receiver through a channel
Message
occurs when information flows down the hierarchy from superiors to subordinates.
Downward communication
is often quite accurate and provides a permanent record of the exchange
written communication
An informal communication network among people in an organization
Grapevine
The Role of Communication in Management...In general, information is useful if it is
accurate, timely, complete, and relevant
The receiver then initiate a message of his or her own, and the cycle continues is called
Feedback
Communication that flows laterally within the organization; involves colleagues and peers at the same level of the organization and may involve individuals from several different organizational units
Horizontal communication
may suffer from problems of inaccuracy if the sender chooses the wrong words to convey meaning or leaves out pertinent details, if noise disrupts the process, or if the receiver forgets part of the message
oral communication