Theory 6
Which term is used to describe the establishment of fairness and consistency in how employees are treated?
A) Distributive Justice
B) Interactional Justice
C) Procedural Justice
D) Organizational Citizenship
C) Procedural Justice
Kiko is a department head at a Koko Pacific. When handling employee disputes, he always refers to the company’s handbook and makes decisions strictly based on existing rules and policies. His priority is to maintain order and ensure that everyone follows the established procedures.
Which stage of moral development is Kiko demonstrating?
A) Pre-conventional
B) Post-conventional
C) Relativistic
D) Conventional
D) Conventional
At Talk-Time, Emily, a barista, has been arriving late to her shifts. Her manager, Bob, immediately assumes she is simply irresponsible without asking about her situation. In reality, Emily has been having transportation issues due to road construction near her home.
Which cognitive bias is Bob demonstrating?
A) Attribution Bias
B) Task Avoidance
C) Delegation Error
D) Feedback Misalignment
A) Attribution Bias
Which concept refers to the process by which individuals explain the causes of their own and others’ behavior, often attributing outcomes either to internal factors (like personality) or external factors (like environment)?
A) Attribution
B) Motivation Theory
C) Self-Perception
D) Behavioral Analysis
A) Attribution
Tasi is an employee at Micronesian Grill. His company implements a feedback process where she receives evaluations from her direct manager, her peers, and the employees she supervises.
What type of feedback system is Tasi participating in?
A) Peer-to-Peer Feedback
B) Top-Down Feedback
C) 360-Degree Feedback
D) Self-Evaluation Feedback
C) 360-Degree Feedback
Which leadership style emphasizes the leader’s role as a caretaker who serves the needs of their team, fostering a culture of trust, collaboration, and personal growth?
A) Charismatic Leadership
B) Bureaucratic Leadership
C) Servant Leadership
D) Laissez-Faire Leadership
C) Servant Leadership
During a project, Director Maria discovers that one of her team members has cut corners, violating company safety regulations to speed up production. Despite the pressure to meet a tight deadline, Maria decides to pause the project, address the ethical infraction, and report the issue to upper management.
Which leadership behavior is Maria demonstrating?
A) Inspiring Moral Behavior
B) Addressing Ethical Infractions
C) Balancing Ethics and Performance
D) Upholding Organizational Standards
B) Addressing Ethical Infractions
At Defusion, the company has implemented a 360-degree feedback system. Dave, a cashier, gets feedback from his manager, peers, and customers.
Which of the following steps would not be part of properly handling feedback in this system?
A) Listening to all feedback before responding
B) Reflecting on how the feedback applies to personal growth
C) Immediately providing justifications to defend against the feedback
D) Asking clarifying questions to better understand the feedback
C) Immediately providing justifications to defend against the feedback
Which feedback approach is defined by consistently postponing or avoiding the delivery of feedback, often leading to unresolved performance issues due to fear of confrontation or discomfort in addressing concerns?
A) Passive Feedback Approach
B) Avoidant Orientation
C) Deferred Feedback Method
D) Indirect Feedback Strategy
B) Avoidant Orientation
Rachel is a manager at the Happy, Satisfied, and Healthy Flowershop who consistently seeks to demonstrate her competence in front of her team and upper management. She focuses on tasks where she can easily show her skills and avoids challenging projects where there’s a risk of failure.
What mindset best describes Rachel’s behavior?
A) Growth Orientation
B) Performance-Prove Orientation
C) Learning Orientation
D) Mastery-Prove Orientation
B) Performance-Prove Orientation
In leadership, which framework contrasts the idea that ethical principles are universally applicable in all circumstances with the belief that ethical actions should vary depending on the specific context?
A) Relativism vs. Universalism
B) Transformational Leadership vs. Transactional Leadership
C) Bureaucratic Leadership vs. Ethical Leadership
D) Laissez-Faire Leadership vs. Autocratic Leadership
A) Relativism vs. Universalism
Carlos never asks his team to do something he wouldn’t do himself, and he consistently treats everyone with respect. He follows the same rules and expectations he sets for others, ensuring that his actions always align with the principles he promotes in meetings and conversations with his staff.
Which leadership approach is Carlos demonstrating?
A) Avoiding Exploitive and Abusive Behavior
B) Authentic Leadership
C) Walk the Talk
D) Upholding Core Principles
C) Walk the Talk
At Bear Express, the leadership team introduces a servant leadership approach.
What core principle of servant leadership would Alice need to demonstrate to thrive in this role?
A) Autocratic Decision-Making
B) Foster Growth
C) Reward Performance
D) Minimize Involvement
B) Foster Growth
Which of the following behaviors is not recommended when receiving feedback?
A) Actively listening and reflecting on the feedback
B) Interrupting to justify your actions or provide excuses
C) Asking clarifying questions to better understand the feedback
D) Thanking the person for their feedback, even if it’s critical
B) Interrupting to justify your actions or provide excuses
Maria, a manager at Burger Bell, needs to provide feedback to one of her team members about a recent project. Maria has a strong working relationship with the employee who teleworks half the time but wants to ensure the conversation remains private. What should Maria do?
A) Send the feedback via electronic communication
B) Schedule a face-to-face meeting
B) Schedule a face-to-face meeting
Which stage of moral development, according to Kohlberg, involves individuals making decisions based on universal ethical principles and a sense of justice, often placing personal values above laws and rules?
A) Pre-conventional
B) Conventional
C) Post-conventional
D) Situational
C) Post-conventional
Jose is a new employee at Bon Bon Bonki. When faced with a situation where he could steal some cash from the register without getting caught, he decides not to because he fears being punished if anyone finds out.
Which stage of moral development best describes Jose’s decision-making process?
A) Post-conventional
B) Conventional
C) Relativism
D) Pre-conventional
D) Pre-conventional
At Bank of Carabao, the service development team missed several key milestones for a major project. Without investigating, the project lead, Karen, assumes her team’s failure is due to their lack of effort and motivation. However, the team has been dealing with faulty development tools and unclear directives from higher-ups.
Which mindset should Karen adopt to avoid a performance-prove orientation?
A) Focusing on growth and understanding setbacks
B) Concentrating on demonstrating competence
C) Shying away from acknowledging failures
D) Ignoring constructive criticism
A) Focusing on growth and understanding setbacks
According to the description of 360-degree feedback, which of the following is not typically involved in providing feedback during this evaluation process?
A) Peers
B) Subordinates
C) Supervisors
D) External Auditors
D) External Auditors
David, a project manager at Taco Hut, notices that one of his team members, Sarah, has been underperforming. Without discussing the situation with her, he assumes her lack of effort is due to personal laziness and a declining work ethic.
What leadership-related cognitive process is David demonstrating?
A) Attribution
B) Perception
C) Cognitive Dissonance
D) Externalization
A) Attribution
Which leadership perspective involves keeping employees in the dark, providing minimal communication, and only engaging with them when problems arise?
A) Transactional Perspective
B) Mushroom Perspective
C) Autocratic Perspective
D) Command-and-Control Perspective
B) Mushroom Perspective
Emma, CEO of Mr.Green Coffee, is facing rising production costs. Instead of exploring new markets, she decides to focus on cost-cutting measures and optimizing existing resources. Her primary goal is to maintain profitability by minimizing expenses and maximizing efficiency in the current market.
Which leadership approach best describes Emma’s decision-making style?
A) Opportunity Seeker
B) Integrator
C) Traditional Economist
D) Visionary Leader
C) Traditional Economist
At Sweet House, Rachel, the head of sales, regularly provides feedback to her team, but she does so in a way that assumes they already know what went wrong. She doesn’t take the time to investigate the actual challenges they faced during selling and often attributes failures to their lack of skill. However, her team had been facing frequent rolling power outages and technical issues that weren’t under their control, but Rachel never addressed these external factors.
What is the most critical step Rachel is failing to take to ensure effective feedback and leadership?
A) Gathering relevant external data before assigning blame
B) Offering constructive criticism based on personal assumptions
C) Ensuring that her feedback is immediate and consistent
D) Holding team members personally accountable for all results
A) Gathering relevant external data before assigning blame
Which of the following is not typically considered a key step in an effective one-on-one coaching?
A) Setting clear, achievable goals for the employee
B) Actively collect good data
C) Providing immediate solutions to the employee’s challenges
D) Offering constructive feedback and creating a follow-up plan
C) Providing immediate solutions to the employee’s challenges
Jessica, a department head at SaveLess, wants to ensure that she avoids making assumptions about the reasons behind her team members’ performance issues. Which of the following is not a step in avoiding attribution errors in her approach?
A) Asking open-ended questions to understand the employee’s perspective
B) Describing how the performance decline makes her feel
C) Relying on her initial impressions of the performance decline
D) Considering external factors
C) Relying on her initial impressions of the performance decline