Learning
Gives us ability to adapt to new circumstances/environments.
What is learning?
Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely while the behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely.
What is Thorndike's Law of Effect?
An aversion to things that remind one of things that are typically considered disgusting.
What is secondary disgust?
Behavior modeled that is positive or negative.
What is prosocial or antisocial?
Side effects of this type of punishment can result in these undesirable behaviors to resurface anytime the punisher is not there.
What is negative punishment?
Something that naturally or automatically triggers an unlearned response.
What is unconditioned stimulus?
What is reinforcement?
Learning that occurs but isn't apparent unless there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
What is latent learning?
A child's mind allows them to empathize and infer another person's mental state.
What is the Theory of Mind?
The consequence that essentially discourages a certain behavior.
What is punishment?
A behavior in which every member of a species would exhibit that same reflexive behavior from birth.
What is unconditioned response?
The type of reinforcer in which we tend to associate with basic rewards such as food or clothing.
What is conditioned reinforcer?
The overuse of bribes and rewards.
What is overjustification?
Learning a behavior's consequences by imitating or observing.
What is observational learning?
Uses aversive stimulus to limit the frequency of a behavior. (Spanking)
Associating neutral stimulus with the conditioned stimulus so the neutral stimulus triggers a conditioned response.
What is acquisition?
Reinforcing responses only sometimes so that initial learning might be slower, but at the end of the day, is more resistant to extinction.
What is partial reinforcement?
Alleviating stress by changing the way we interact with it or changing the stressor itself.
What is problem-focused coping?
Instead of living life through trial and error and decreasing survival chances, learn from others.
What is evolutionary benefit?
Taking away privileges or any rewarding stimulus to discourage a behavior.
What is negative punishment?
The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to a conditioned response.
What is generalization?
This reinforcement occurs after a set period of time.
What is fixed-interval schedule?
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond your control will determine your fate.
What is external locus of control?
Neurons in the frontal lobe that tend to fire when imitating or observing a certain action.
What are mirror neurons?
Reduce the frequency of a behavior by the means of administering undesirable consequences such as spanking.
What is punishment?