Pavlov
The principle created by Edward Thorndike stating behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely
Law of Effect
Name the three types of influences that affect learning
biological, psychological, and social-cultural
The bodo doll experiment was conducted by this presidentially decorated psychologist
Albert Bandura
This Freudian term refers to all the instinctual desires and energies from the id, not just the sexual ones.
libido
The idea that certain events can occur together. Such as two stimuli or a response and its consequence
associative learning
The procedure in which reinforcers guide a certain behavior closer and closer to the desired behavior
Shaping
This psychologist is most famous for his experimentation and exploration into Taste Aversion
John Garcia
desensitization
Linguist who says the U.S. is a brutal imperialist state: Mona Chomsky (from the category scrambled eggheads)
Noam Chomsky
the acquisition of mental information, whether by observing events, by watching others, or through language
cognitive learning
Name the two types of reinforcement and explain the difference between the two
positive -- add a desirable stimulus
negative -- remove an aversive stimulus
the tendency of learned behavior to gradually revert to biologically predisposed patterns
instinctive drift
positive, constructive, helpful behavior. The opposite of anti-social behavior is known as this
prosocial behavior
This school of psychology with a German name emphasizes whole, not partial, differences.
Gestalt
explain the 5 major aspects of classical conditioning experiments
unconditioned/ conditioned response
unconditioned/ conditioned stimulus
neutral stimulus
the reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses
Name two types of coping and provide examples for both
problem-focused coping
emotion-focused coping
frontal lobe neurons that some scientists believe fire when we perform certain actions or observe another doing so
mirror neurons
The "functional" type of this, MRI for short, shows we use all of our brain, not just 10%.
magnetic resonance imaging
drug cravings, food cravings, immune responses
What controversial parenting techinque did B.F. Skinner recieve scrutiny for practicing with his daughter
letting her sleep in an "air crib" aka baby in a box
Elephants appear to have excellent (blank) because they can remember large sections of their territory
cognitive maps
Explain how the Bodo doll experiment illustrates the following: Modeling
The retrograde type of this condition applies to events prior to a head injury. Anterograde to events after it
amnesia