Can be expressed in the following equation:
RA SRA
________ = __________
RA+RB SRA+SRB
What is the matching law?
100
A term that often refers to choosing larger later rewards over smaller sooner rewards.
What is self-control?
100
A more-or-less instinctive or reflexive behavior triggered by the occurrence of the same behavior in another individual; itching is a great example!
What is contagious behavior?
100
A verbal description of a contingency.
What is a rule?
100
An innate tendency for an organism to more easily learn certain types of behaviors or to associate certain types of events with each other.
What is preparedness?
200
Consists of the simultaneous presentation of two (or more) independent schedules, each leading to a reinforcement.
What is concurrent schedule of reinforcement?
200
An action carried out at an early point in time that serves either to eliminate or greatly reduce the value of an upcoming temptation.
What is a commitment response?
200
Consequences of the model's behavior; whether the observer is reinforced for attending; whether the observer has sufficient skill; and personal characteristics of a model are four factors of this.
What is acquisition?
200
Statements about how one should respond to a contingency.
What are instructions?
200
Behaviors with four distinguishing features: 1) Typically occur immediately following consumption of an intermittent reinforcer. 2) Affected by level of deprivation for scheduled reinforcer. 3) Can function as reinforcers for other behaviors. 4) There is an optimal interval between reinforces for their development.
What are adjunctive behaviors?
300
An example: the finding that good basketball players attempt 2pt and 3pt shots at the same ratio as they successfully make those shots is based on this schedule of reinforcement.
What is variable interval (VI)?
300
A response that serves to alter the frequency of another response; four types are Physical Restraint, Depriving/Satiating, Doing Something Else, and Self-Reinforcement/Self-Punishment.
What is a controlling response?
300
An example: I watch my cousin open a jar by first prying at the lid with a spoon. I grab another jar and spoon to try it myself.
What is true imitation?
300
Specifications of when, where, and how a goal is to be accomplished.
What are implementation intentions (or personal process rules)?
300
A phenomena occurring in rats when access to food is severely limited and access to a running wheel is available during nonmeal periods.
What is activity anorexia?
400
This occurs when one response alternative attracts a higher proportion of responses than would be predicted by matching, regardless of whether the alternative contains the richer or leaner schedule of reinforcement.
What is bias from matching?
400
Having a relapse prevention plan and rules that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior are factors highlighted by this.
What is the Small-But-Cumulative Effects Model?
400
An example: I walk to the cookie jar and grab a cookie; my nephew then drags a chair over to climb up and grab one for himself.
What is stimulus enhancement?
400
An organized approach to dealing with psychopathology that is based on the idea that rule-governed behavior can be highly inefficient.
What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy?
400
An animal suitable for language training because they are social and highly intelligent.
What are dolphins (or chimpanzees)?
500
Often the result of behavior being too strongly governed by immediate consequences as opposed to delayed consequences.
What is melioration?
500
When one is exceptionally unsuccessful at delaying gratification for a later, larger reward, they may have this type of delay function.
What is deeply scalloped?
500
Daily Triple!
Three factors that influence whether we will perform a modeled behavior.
What are consequences of models behavior, consequences of our behavior, and history of consequences for performing modeled behaviors.
500
Behavior that has been directly shaped by these are often more efficient than rule-governed behavior.