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History
Evaluation & Assessment
Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Etiology
100
The term used by Adolf Kussamaul in 1870s to describe children that could not read though their eyesight was perfect.
What is word blindness
100
This is the process of administering a test under uniform conditions to each child who is to be tested.
What is standardization
100
This reading process involves understanding the grapheme-phoneme relationship and translating printed words into representations similar to oral language.
What is decoding
100
This subtype of dyscalculia refers to a deficit in the skills of counting and calculating.
What is quantitative dyscalculia
100
A group of birth defects caused by the abnormal migration of neurons in the developing brain and nervous system.
What are neuronal migration disorders (NMDs)
200
This person introduced the term “learning disability” in 1963 at a Conference in Chicago. He is also considered the Father of Special Education.
Who is Dr. Samuel Kirk
200
In the early 1900s, these French psychologists came up with first intelligence test.
Who are Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon
200
This type of phonics is based on the learning principle of moving from the “known to the unknown” and examines letter and sound patterns across words.
What is analytic or implicit phonics
200
An emotional based reaction to mathematics that causes individuals to experience high levels of anxiety when faced with math tests or math problems.
What is math anxiety
200
This diet calls for the elimination of certain artificial coloring, flavoring, aspartame, and salicylates.
What is the Feingold Diet
300
During this period, the federal government included learning disabilities on its agenda and many parents and professionals founded organizations for learning disabilities.
What is The Emergent Period
300
This model assesses whether there is a significant difference between a student’s scores on a test of general intelligence.
What is the IQ-achievement discrepancy model
300
The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words
What is orthography
300
This type of dyscalculia causes difficulties with writing mathematical symbols, including but not limited to numbers.
What is graphical dyscalculia
300
A process in which undamaged axons grow new nerve endings to reconnect neurons whose links were injured or severed.
What is axonal sprouting
400
In 1975, Congress passed this law, which made learning disabilities eligible for funding for direct services.
What is Public Law 94-142 the Education for All Handicapped Children Act
400
This model depends on a strong, standards aligned, research-based core curriculum (the “general curriculum”) and school-wide behavior program that are both based on research and aligned to Pennsylvania standards
What is RtII (Response to Intervention and Instruction)
400
This reading process allows the learner to understand the meaning of words in isolation and in context, thus gaining meaning from connected text.
What is comprehension
400
The action of finding the number of elements of a finite set of objects.
What is counting
400
The study of adverse consequences of exposure to environmental agents.
What is teratology
500
This person was one of the key figures in setting the stage for the study of reading disabilities in the United States and openly refuted “look and say” method of reading instruction.
Who is Samuel Orton
500
In this RTI tier, all children should receive differentiated instruction using a research supported curriculum.
What is tier 1
500
This phonics focuses on breaking each word down into individual phonemes and blending those sounds together to produce words.
What is synthetic or explicit phonics
500
The awareness and understanding about what numbers are, their relationships, their magnitude, the relative effect of operating on numbers, including the use of mental mathematics and estimation.
What is number sense
500
The period beginning with conception and ending at birth, in which major organs of the body develop as well as the brain.
What is the prenatal period