Classical Conditioning
He is known as the father of classical conditioning
who is Ivan Pavlov?
This psychologist is most associated with operant conditioning.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
This process is key to learning behaviors by watching others.
What is observational learning?
This psychologist is known for his cognitive learning theory, emphasizing internal mental processes in learning.
Who is Edward Tolman?
In classical conditioning, this is the term for the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.
What is a conditioned response?
In operant conditioning, this type of reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior.
What is negative reinforcement?
This psychologist proposed the theory of social learning.
Who is Albert Bandura?
Learning that occurs without obvious reinforcement is a concept known as this.
What is latent learning?
In Pavlov’s famous experiment, this object was the conditioned stimulus.
What is a bell?
This occurs when a behavior decreases because it is followed by an unpleasant consequence.
What is punishment?
This famous experiment demonstrated that children could learn aggressive behaviors by observing adults.
What is the Bobo doll experiment?
Tolman used this term to describe the mental representations that organisms create of their environment.
What are cognitive maps?
This phenomenon occurs when a conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.
What is extinction?
In operant conditioning, the process of weakening a behavior by following it with an unpleasant consequence is known as this.
What is positive punishment?
In social learning, this type of reinforcement occurs when you see someone else being rewarded for a behavior.
What is vicarious reinforcement?
This type of cognitive learning involves a sudden understanding or solution to a problem.
What is insight learning?
When similar stimuli to the conditioned stimulus elicit the conditioned response, this process has occurred.
What is generalization?
This type of reinforcement schedule rewards behavior after a specific amount of time has passed.
What is a fixed interval schedule?
Bandura identified these four components as essential for observational learning: attention, retention, reproduction, and this.
What is motivation?
Cognitive learning theorists disagree with classical and operant conditioning because they believe learning involves more than just observable behaviors. They argue that this aspect plays a crucial role in the learning process.
What are mental processes (or cognition)?